Involvement of USA in Korean War Essay

Different from its involvement in the Vietnam War?In the 40s onwards the States got fire in Asian affairs. Taking into account the fact that they were non place upright themselves or any other American ally, they had to further extend territorial reserve boundaries to fall on political-ideological frontiers. Indeed, they were defending its district from enemies in a sweet scale the fear over against the developing socialism over the world. In these take outs, Korea and Vietnam portrayed two world(prenominal) hotspots now focused on Asia, as the arrange at heart the fight of the two global powers USA and the Soviet pith. Anyways, were the mess by which USA faced collectivism in both countries different?First of all, the background in randomness-East Asia determined in huge scale American intervention in the area, since either country were assiduous by other foreign powers while Korea was under Japanese domination, Vietnam pacify remained component part of the Fre nch empire (later becoming member of the French Union).The outset case of Korea was already been the stage of the war between democracy and communism. USA was quite anxious since the conflict that had already happened in Germany and the one that was red on in Turkey and Greece, both cases falling under Soviet beliefs. afterward the defeat of the Chinese Kuomintang in 1949, by communist Mao, American drawing cards began fearing that the rapid spread of the remains around the world would be successful one much time in Asia. Thus, USA mulish to risk and try obtaining unseasoned territory that would give them an ally in East Asia, which, in turning, would give it time to plan more attempts and new supremacy against communism. Thus, they fought against the Japanese ascertainment as an excuse to free the territory in the name of democracy. However, the Soviet Union was similarly real kindle in the area for the same reasons a new ally and victory against capitalism.Anyways, th e whole territory was firstly freed under the name of United Nations, towards democracy, for support free peoples who are resenting attempt subjugation. However both powers cl conducted their part very soon. Both powers set up a divisor line along the 38th parallel, where the North would be under Soviet aim and the South by American intervention. Then, although elections were held in South Korea (August 1938) supported by UN, Russia rejected to do so in the North. The South became the independent nation of Korea and the North adopted the name of Democratic Peoples nation of Korea, very very much in the lines of Chinese system.The tension now remained very high at either sides of the line. Since the president of North Korea by the time, blood-related IL Sung might have been encouraged by the Chinese regimen and Russia with military supplies to test USA President, Trumans determination, showing him that communism was the dominant power in Pacific Asia, also with the promise of spr eadhead further very soon.At that stage, the domino theory was beginning in American minds. This concept applies to the idea that the fall of one bow to a common system would lead inexorably to a series of the same. Therefore, if communism triumphed in mainland China and Korea was already under its influence, the wave could have an illimitable repercussion in the entire area of South-East Asia. Thus, behind these ideas, American military personnel were ordered to Korea to withdraw North Koreans host after their invasion in the south republic, together with forces from a nonher 14 countries all under the command of General McArthur.However, afterwards, South Korea was to the highest degree interpreted by North Korea array but American army regained look into in the territory later and also two thirds of North Korea, in its advance northwards. With this movement, they eventually placed a fleet between mainland China and China mainland. Thus, China now feared them to help Chian g Kai-Shek troops from the island to come again and conquer the region of Manchuria as the most important industrial and strategical area. This attempt, if successful, would cut off the problem of communism in Asia, since China would turn back to democracy and therefore either North Korea would remain insulate or without Chinese help, she would non be able to survive in the area for long.These reasons made the Chinese government launch a bulky counter offensive in 1951 that captured South Korea capital again. Now McArthur was dismayed of Chinese power and popular opinion that the best strategy to defeat communism in the area was notwithstanding possible with atomic bombs. With this new visible horizon within the fight, president Truman feared a large-scale war that would provoke a nuclear war, which USA did not pauperism. It pointed out the American limitations that would enclose them within the fight they feared communism because the nuclear power that could destroy them, but the just force capable to defeat it was their nuclear power, something that, however, they could not use since it would incline them into a fatal war.Thus, now, the only American possibility focused to settle in East Asia to contain communism there in January 1951 UN troops expelled the North Koreans troops from South Korea and fortified the frontier, until in July 1953, both countries firmed a peace agreement that stated the limit at the 38th parallel.After American impossibility for annexation of territories in East Asia, the new feeling had to be focused in the South, due to the independence of Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia from the French Union (Geneva Agreement, 1954). Then, Vietnam was temporarily divided into two countries, and analogously as Korea, the frontier was accomplished at another parallel, in this case the 17th one. In 1956, elections were to be held in the whole country, but they never were and only in South Vietnam a referendum was held in 1955, which gave Ng o Dinh Diem as the president. He did not want to hold elections for the whole country and USA, with Eisenhower as the new president feared much more intensely the domino effect. Moreover, Diem was unable to rule the country, in full general because he was very unpopular among the peasants, which furthover, in the future encouraged defiant towards American presence in the south and appetence for communism.At this stage the Vietcong (the guerrillas) in the south were receiving supplies, equipment and troops from North Vietnam. Ho Chi Minh, who was leader of the resistance against French Union and who wanted communism to rule the country, thought that giving aid to South Vietnam against Diem, national elections would not be held and to coalesce the countries forces would be necessary. Thus, the next American presidencies had to launch a very concentrated campaign to stop the communism wave in Vietnam-Kennedy (1961-3) tried to go for American involvement against the guerrilla, by sending advisors, military equipment and enclosing local anaesthetic peasants into fortified villages to isolate the Vietcong outside. However, this failed since most of the peasants were members of the Vietcong.-Johnson (1963-9) decided to bomb North Vietnam (1965), as he thought that Ho Chi Minh controlled directly the Vietcong. He also sent half million troops in the south.However, due to the dandy pressure of American public against the war, since they saw the conflict as a total failure, Johnson stopped the bombing in March 1968, although he did not want to withdraw.-Nixon (1969-74) based his plan in the new concept of Vietnamization As public opinion did not allow him to send more troops to Vietnam, he would use the ones that were already there to re-army the Vietnamese army watch their own defence. That would allow gradually American troops to withdraw. However, he began a new wave of bombing in the north, but this time including Cambodia and Laos, as they were receiving s upplies and troops from North Vietnam.Despite all the measures and policies, at the end of 1972, the Vietcong controlled almost the entire territory and several factors obligated the American intervention to affect the end. Eventually a ceasefire was agreed in January 1973. Then, American troops were recede and in 1975 the Vietcong unified the whole country under a communism government by occupying Saigon, the capital of South Vietnam. Also in Laos and Cambodia the system was effected the same year.Taking all these explanations into account, I can state that there were slight differences between the American policies in both the Korean and the Vietnamese wars. The main reason was the potential force used in each one, and China played an important part. It applies to the fact that the attack against them was not as ruthless as in Vietnam, mainly due to Chinese power. While in Vietnam neither China nor Russia supported the army as directly as in Vietnam, in Korea China was directly problematic since the problem was slighted related with the relationship between USA and Chiang Kai-Shek troops. For China, American troops recovered Manchuria, they would give back China mainland to them.Communist China was not willing to accept that, and USA knew that she was capable of fighting bravely to an effect that USA did not want to test, since the split of the Sino-Soviet agreement left China in an uncertain situation from the international point of view We do not want the fighting in Korea to expand into a general war. Therefore, American government did not risk indeed and the only price was to lose North Korea.Nevertheless, in Vietnam they could use a more violent system as they communist China was already established and did not fear USA any more. Moreover, the conflict was seen under UN look solely for the purpose of restoring the Republic to its status prior to the invasion. For international support, it was a fight towards the human rights, since North Korea un der communism did not want to hold elections. However, UN never supported the war in Vietnam and the international view of the war and American methods to be victorious pressed the government to reach the end of the conflict.Therefore, differences between the both wars was mainly due to familiar factors of each country, but especially the foreign intervention that encouraged or restrained American actions to act in one way or another.