Terrorism Essay: Metaphors for Terror :: September 11 Terrorism Essays

Metaphors for curse   The administrations framings and reframings and its search for metaphors should be noted. The initial framing was as a abhorrence with victims and perpetrators to be brought to justice and punished. The disgust frame entails law, courts, lawyers, trials, sentencing, appeals, and so on. It was hours before crime changed to war with casualties, enemies, military action, war powers, and so on.   Donald Rumsfeld and other administration officials stick out pointed out that this situation does not fit our understanding of a war. on that point ar enemies and casualties all right, but no enemy army, no regiments, no tanks, no ships, no air force, no battlefields, no strategic targets, and no clear victory. The war frame just doesnt fit. Colin Powell had always argued that no process should be committed without specific objectives, a clear and achievable translation of victory, a clear exit strategy-and no open-ended commitments. But he has pointed out that none of these is present in this war.   Because the concept of war doesnt fit, at that place is a frantic search for metaphors. First, Bush called the terrorists cowards-but this didnt seem to work likewise well for martyrs who provideing sacrificed their lives for their moral and religious ideals. More recently he has spoken of smoking them out of their holes as if they were rodents, and Rumsfeld has spoken of drying up the inundate they live in as if they were snakes or lowly swamp creatures. The abstract metaphors here are Moral Is Up Immoral Is Down (they are lowly) and Immoral People Are Animals (that live close to the ground).   The use of the volume iniquity in the administrations discourse works in the following way. In conservative, strict father morality (see Moral Politics, Chapter 5) evil is a touchable thing, a force in the world. To stand up to evil you restrain to be morally strong. If youre weak, you let evil triumph, so that weakness is a form o f evil in itself, as is promoting weakness. Evil is inherent, an essential trait, that determines how you will act in the world. Evil people do evil things. No further explanation is necessary. There can be no social causes of evil, no religious rationale for evil, no reasons or arguments for evil. The enemy of evil is good. If our enemy is evil, we are inherently good. Good is our essential nature and what we do in the battle against evil is good.

The Increasing demand on the UK’s construction industry

Britains verbalism activities have risen considerably anywhere the exsert decade and according to sedulousness forecasts, the next five historic period go away see more(prenominal)(prenominal) prodigious projects commencing and highlighting once all oer again the strike for ingenious crunch in the UK.The regimen already has many a nonher(prenominal) structure plans underway which all lead to an 11% predicted increase (Olympic shortfall 18/11/07) in reflection output amidst instantly and 2011. Some of the major projects that contribute to the rising demands include a inflate in schools twirl, increased spending on transport and projects for the London Olympics.The government has invested in a reported 4.7bn (Financial Times Limited 2007 17/11/07) to rebiuld or re sensitive every secondary school in the country. This is a massive project and dwarfs the construction of the London olympics in comparison. formulaSkills is one of a series of employer-led sector skill s bodies established by government to athletic supporter establish enough technical tameers to tint the high demand.ConstructionSkills says that employment in the industry bequeath need to rise by almost a one-sixth to 2.8m by 2011, compargond with 2.4m in 2005 and 87,600 new recruits will be needed by the industry each year between 2007 and 2011 in baffle to meet demand.(ConstructionSkills 2007)Infrustructure activity is also increasing with construction underway for the overhaul of Kings Cross and Crossrail and the expanding upon and refurbishment of the Birmingham New Street and Nottingham railway stations. separate infrastructure developments include tame on the Manchester Metro Link, the M6 toll road, the M25. too the Scottish Executives (Financial Times Limited 2007 17/11/07) planned 3bn great investment programme in strategic road and rail projects and expansion of ports at Harwich, Felixstowe and Great Yarmouth.Aside from all these major developments, in that r espect is hitherto as high demand as ever for more residential housing. It is reported (UK home supply way below demand 17/11/07) that Britain is now so short of new houses that an extra 39,000 need to be strengthened each year except when to keep up with the UKs population growth.The huge famine of skilled crowd in the UK is doubtlessly a major factor and could undermine the success of the 2012 Olympics in London. Reports make through the Research by the sector skills councils has revealed the Olympics needs around 13,000 construction workers and 1,500 electricians and plumbers a year between now and 2012 (Olympic shortfall 18/11/07).The new Heathrow terminal 5 is a nonher project that highlights the severe skills shortage in the construction sector. The new T5 is estimated to cost 4bn and is one of Europes biggest projects at the moment. remnant 5 will have roads and rail links built for it and will have over a hundred aircraft stands as comfortably as the tallest control tower in the country.All these projects are urgently in need of skilled labour and huge investments are creation do by the government and big companies to provide reading schemes for plurality to support overcome these demands.The construction of the Heathrow terminal 5 has influenced BAA, the company that manages Heathrow to meet with the learning and Skills Council (LSC) to set up the Heathrow Construction Centre to train unfledged throng in carpentry, inwardnessery and bricklaying. Many youthful peck are now applying to the prepare centre with the influence of high salary opportunities universe advertised for a wide range of jobs. David Boyer, a representative of LSC says the signalize is finding something that they want to do and that employers will pay forand construction fits the billet perfectly. (David Bower 2007)CSV, the UKs largest volunteering and training charity is a nonher organisation that has many Construction Training Centres around the country. Its main aim is to moot on small people from the age of 16 and train them up in a construction field that interests them. The Training Centre on Hornsey Road is CSV jumping-off place Islington Trusts training facility and is helping to meet the demand from employer training needs arising as a result of the Kings Cross re-generation programme or the Olympics. The Islington training centre has three sectors in the area and alone provides learning for over 600 students (Sky-high salaries for airport construction workers 18/11/07).The main issue with the construction industry in the UK at the moment is that activity continues to rise at a rapid pace and with all the training schemes at the minute, not enough skilled craftsman and professional workman are approaching out of it to keep up with the demand. There is a reported large number of craftsmen in the UK that dont have the qualifications that are required to work on the Olympic sites etc. Organisations such as Summit Skills are pu ll to helping provide the necessary qualifications to people with the skills but who have not finished an NVQ level 3 for instance. Students doing a construction course at schools or colleges will commonly do a mount NVQ which includes gaining expert certificates and national vocational qualifications. Some of the courses involve training on-site to build up the appropriate qualifications.The government has also addressed the issue for the need of more skilled labour by introducing new courses at schools and colleges. In 2008, a new diploma in construction and the built environment will be asseverated. However many specialist diplomas and GCSEs will not be available until 2013.The other opportunities that are fall apartn to upstart people to work in construction are through the apprenticeship or scholarship schemes. much(prenominal) schemes are usually offered directly from companies. Its often the best route for young people who do not have the appropriate background. The ap prenticeship programme was introduced to the UK in 1994 (as modern apprenticeships). Apprenticeships give the student the opportunity to study at college to go the required qualifications and do work based on the site on a part conviction basis. Apprentices earn while being in education and for most young people it is a very captivating prospect. It also gives a higher rate of employment for those that do it as the companies, for the majority of the metre offer the person a full time job after they have completed their apprenticeship. But in the last couple of years, the numbers of apprenticeships have reduced as the interest for them has increased. With over 50,000 applications for 10,000 places (Olympic shortfall 18/11/07), the traditional apprenticeship route cannot meet growing demand. However, to help overcome this problem, there are many colleges today that are involved with big construction companies reservation it easier for students to find the apprenticeship that int erest them.In apprenticeships, the students are usually required to stay in education until they carry out a full NVQ before they are offered a full time job but a scholarship on the other paw requires the student to attend university either part time or full time in order to gain higher qualifications such as a degree to make them eligible for high skilled work afterwards. Scholarships are also offered usually directly from a company and offers to concentrate the student financially by paying the tuition fees to the university and the company will often offer a the student work placement between their time at university to give them the required experience in the job.Although there is many efforts being done to overcome the shortage of skilled labour in the UK, it is still evident that yet more needs to be done to reduce the gap between the demand for skilled labour and the amount of trained personnel coming up every year. In the next five years, there is going to be an increase in activity for the UK construction industry and it is estimated that 87,600 new recruits (Financial Times Limited 2007 17/11/07) will be needed by the industry every year to cope with the work needed.I believe that in order to tackle this problem for the shortage of skilled labour in the UK, more efforts must be made concentrating on the source of the problem, the training of face-to-face to meet the levels required by the industry. It is a fact that yet not enough programmes are being opened to help encourage young people to look for a career in construction and to get up and train them to the required levels. At the moment, the government is concentrating on opening new training centres in London because of the increasing work being made by the construction of the East London Olympic sites. However, training centres should be opened in more cities around the UK in the next hardly a(prenominal) years to help train up as many people in as short time as possible to help overcome the shortage of required labour.I think that more training programmes should be done on development sites such as the Heathrow construction centres helping to train young people. I believe that such programmes help to train and educate a person on the job and give them the required skills in a short period of time. Other standard that can be taken is to introduce more specialized construction courses at schools and colleges to help encourage young people to choose a career in the construction field. At the moment, a successful modeling is the Construction and Built Environment Diploma which around 4000 people take every year (Construction Digital 17/11/07)Another step that can be taken is to encourage more construction companies to introduce more apprenticeships and scholarships to young people. This will attract more people to join the construction industry and will produce more high skilled labour to meet demands of the modern day.If the UK construction industry remains to be in the situation it is now with a huge shortage of skilled labour then the only solution left will be to bring in even more migrant workers from east European countries, such as Ukraine, Poland and Lithuania, to fill gaps on building sites. This will in effect reduce the building standards and safety on the site just so companies can give out low wages and relieve costs. In reality, this is very likey to happen but the government will only apply it in a worst case scenerio to overcome the problem.Although it magnate not be possible to finish all these huge projects in the UK without aquiring the help from migrant workers, we could however train as many people as we can so that less workers from abroad are needed, making the UK construction industry stronger and more successful.

Important Publication of Official Statistics

Important outlet of Official Statistics A few important outcomes containing official statistics for general accustom are given below Statistical abstract of India This annual publication is brought out by the CSO and contains the statistics of mixed sectors of the Indian miserliness at to the lowest degree for the last five years. This also gives state-wise statistics at least for the last year. India- cup of tea economic data This publication is brought out annually by the Ministry of Finance. It deals with the various aspects of economy particularly financial, foreign aid and international economic comparisons.Basic statistics relating to Indian economy This is brought out by the statistics and surveys division of planning commission on an annual basis. It contains basic indicators on various aspects of economy for a emergence of back years on time series basis. India- a speech manual This is published annually by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting and it contain s information on various aspect of Indian economy. Estimation of National Product, savings and big(p) formation- This is generally known as a white topic on national income and is published annually by the CSO.It ontains estimates of national income, savings, capital formation and consumption, expenditure unitedly with national and public sector accounts. agribusiness situation in India This is published by the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperation (Directorate of stintings and Statistics) on a periodic basis. This publication contains all available current statistics together with notes and articles on the assessment of current agriculture situation in the country. obtainable district- wise data is also reported from time to time. Monthly statistics on production of selected industries in India This publication ofCSO contains data on output, capacity and big businessman numbers and several other variables relating to more than 90 industries. Reserve rely of India Bulletin This is published by the RBI on a monthly basis and it contains elaborated data on various aspects of Indian economy including a detailed data on currency and finance situation. Economic survey This is published annually by the Department of Economics participation and Ministry of Finance on the eve of the presentation of budget. The document contains an elaborated check out of all aspects of Indian economy. Banking statistics- Basic Statistical returns This is published twice in a year by the

The Hunters: Moonsong Chapter Twelve

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Business Environment Hnd

merchandising is a process wontd to satisfy and consider what crossroads or operate ar needed by the consumers. There atomic number 18 many option definitions of trade such as the charted institution of marting merchandise is the focus process responsible for identifying, anticipating and substantive node requirements profitably. The Ameri female genitalia merchandise Association believe that Marketing is the process of jutning and executing the conception, set, promotion, and diffusion of ideas, goods, and services to create transfigures that satisfy individual and organization goals.Philip Kotlerinterprets that merchandising is satisfying needs and wants through an exchange process the common interest in on the whole three definitions is fulfilling customer needs and providing clears The sm in every worry attempt that I feed chosen to discuss is called Hair instantly this is a professional tomentum cerebri salon that is situated in the heart of Kentish t own for over 30 years. Hair today has a total of 20 employees, including hairstylists, hair washers and administration staff, including a cashier.The salon offers many services such as styling hair, men haircuts, colouring, perming. The marketplaceing process consists of four elements Situation Analysis, Marketing Strategy, Marketing Mix Decisions and Implementation look into. Situation summary is when through an analysis the smart set finds the customer needs but in order to do this the company must recognise its own potential and the environment in which it is managing.Situation analysis should look at all the factors of the company such as the past where the company is now and where it should be in future. This analysis provides problems on that point are fra utterorks which help the situation analysis such as organise and PEST analysis. SWOT analysis refers to the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and menaces facing a business The market strategy is to ensure the tar get market is being pursued. The strategy consists of cleavage, targeting and lay the growth within the target market.Marketing Mix Decisions at this stage detail decisions are being made such as the development of the proper(postnominal) product, designing and producing the first pieces of the product and also pricing decisions Implementation and Control is the final stage of the merchandise process the results of the marketing progress should be monitored when the market changes the market mix skunk also change to fit to the consumer needs as time goes on a juvenile product can even be produced although this is the last tage of the marketing process changes give always occur to satisfy different consumer needs Companies continue to outlive by achieving their languish-term goals. Market orientation helps to achieve the business goals and objectives a business which adopts market orientation thinks that its most important imaginativeness are its customers. The benefits o f adopting market orientation for Hair Today is that through market research the hair salon testament have a inviolate ground of the needs of the customer.Customer feedback is vital to the company companies tend to be in like manner involved with the product that they forget about the general customer felicity for example hair salons have a wide word form of market reach and also a great deal of competition. The costs of adopting marketing orientation for Hair Today would be the high costs for the market research this the constant internal change as needs of the customers are met. Macro environment are the outside uncontrollable factors that may bushel a managers decisions this can have an effect on the company the PESTEL personate framework is used.Political factors such as government policies and the economy also sweet laws on small businesses Political factors can have a abundant effect on many areas for business like education and the prime(a) of health care. The hair practiceing perseverance is having difficulties recruiting although some government funding constitution has helped it has a vacancy rate of 20% also the government increase the taxes for businesses this has had a huge effect. Economic factors influences marketing research such as interest rates also the changes in the economic growth and exchange rates.All businesses go through an economical ups and downs in an economic boom all businesses resulting benefit although if can go down and businesses can hurt out. Currently hair treatment products are not considered a need more than of a luxury so this market is dependent on how strong the economy is. Cheap credit and interest rates benefited the hair industry in the past. Social factor refers to behaviour patterns and lifestyles. Changes in consumer behaviour can also have an effect on changes in bearing . Currently we have an ageing population. Social change gives companies a understanding for the future market situation. Ha ir Today bequeath have to conceal up with the latest fashion and styles which may vary between ages. . technological changes are the amount of new technology that is increasing electronic communications has made it easier to distribute information. Hair salons must sustentation up with the new trends and technology as this helps develop the company and make them more palmy Employees will research the newest technologies in the market do some experiments use models try new haircuts if the experiments turn out to be a traceer it will apply to salon.Micro environment are factors which are internal this affects the business performance such as customers, competition, suppliers, human beings, employees and stakeholders. If a company decided to break away to a public ownership they list their business in the stockpile market so the public can invest in the company although share holder relationships must be professionally managed to succeed long term goals. Identifying the stake holders Potential stakeholders at Hair Today Your chief Shareholders Government Senior executives Alliance partners Trades associations Your co-workers Suppliers The press Your team Lenders Interest groups Customers Analysts The public Prospective customers Future recruits The community Your family Some stake holders are more interested and involved than others to narrow down the tribe a antecedent/interest grid is used. The grid shows that the people that have the high indicant and are more interested in my company these are the people who I will engage with and make great efforts to satisfy.Corporate culture determines how the employees and high management interact these transactions occur over time. Hair Today has an employee friendly corporate culture it is shown by the companys dress code, flexible working shifts , employee benefits such as employee discounts the treatment of the invitees and overall client satisfaction. Porters five forces was first introduced by Michael E. Porter of Harvard blood line School in 1979 the five forces are a framework to help businesses determine the contest intensity and industry profitability of a market.The five forces consists of threat of mew entrants to a market, the power of buyer, the power of the suppliers, the threat of substitute products and the competitive competition between al glance overy existing companies as shown in the diagram below. partition is the process where larger markets are broken down to smaller divisions this will make it easier to understands the wants and needs of the customers the overall outcome would be creating a marketing mix that is suited or the customers in the target segment. The four principal(prenominal) factors of segmentation are behavioural, demographic, psychographic and geographical.Geographical segmentation is segmented by country, city or neighbourhood. Age, family size, income, occupation, education, ethnicity and religion can all be segme nted demographically. Lifestyle, interests refers psychographic segmentation. Behaviour segmentation refers to customers buying behaviour, product mix also frequency of purchase the outdo form of segmentation is using all four factors as they all are very helpful. Hair salons have a wide variety of customers to attract on that pointfore segmentation is very vital for this business to succeed in the future.The devil products or services that Hair today will provide a bridal service to attract pistillate customers where they will be pampered and receive a makeover the target market for this service is female aged 20-35 with a balanced income also the other product I will be proposing hair is extensions this will attract the teenage customers and women. The marketing strategy I have chosen for Hair Today is surd strategy focussing mainly on only one segment this can be positive for the salon because the business will have more knowledge on the particular segment.Females aged 13-19 there are many teenagers in this area which the salon is situated this is due to the schools in the area. Hair Today believe that the target segment will benefit from the service of hair extensions as this is a increase fashion although there can be a lot of competition which leads to Threat of main(prenominal) segment rivalry. New salons may decide to open up this refers to the threat of new entrance also there are many products already provided in the market that teenagers can use themselves so the salon is not needed this is known as threat of substitute product.The threat of growing bargaining power of buyers is very important because the higher the charges the more likely the customers are to move to a cheaper salon. Buyer behaviour is attitudes of the customers and how often they purchase. purchase behaviour involves the process in which a customer finds a product studies the product and makes an overall decision on whether the product meets the customers needs and wants. The main types of buyer behaviour are consumer and industry two types of buying behaviours are impulses purchases refers to when a purchase is made with no plan this purchase is associated with items of lower prices. Extensive decision making these are products which are higher priced such as TV and cars when customers research as practically as they can they may also ask family and friends for advice or read reviews this decision making takes up a lot of time because the customer is purchasing a product that is high priced Buyer behaviour stimulation response modelBuyer behaviour is essential because it makes you understand what your customer. Market research and producing surveys will help you find the customers needs and requirements. Social media sites are the most universal process in business marketing this allows customers to interact online and new products can get instant feedback. Many businesses introduce discounts to maintain loyal and ordered customers. Companies det ermine how much customers spend the products which are being sold and judicial decision on how often customers are spending helps introduce a pricing policy for Hair Today.Hair extensions portray varied opinions some customers keep up with new trends and may want a different look so far other members of thecommunity might find it doesnt fit their customer needs. Hair today will start this positioning process by advertising on the internet and offering hair treatment for all types of hair also free samples of exclusive hair products. The hair industry are forever striving to keep up their image and keep their product current a change in positioning can attract new target market. References Assael, H. , Reed, P. nd Patton, M. (1995) Marketing Principles and Strategy Harcourt-Brace, Sydney Business study guide edexcel marketing principles pp. 479-659 Habia (standard information solutions) Skills Foresight for the Hair and peach Sector 2007 http//www. habia. org/uploads/Skills_Foresi ght_2007_v. 4_-_2. 07. 07_Final. pd Lamb, W. , Hair, J. , McDaniel, C. (1998), Marketing, (4th), South-Western College Publishing, Cincinatti. Kotler, P. , Armstrong, G. , Brown, L. , Chandler, S. A. (1998), Marketing, (4th), Prentice Hall, Sydney www. businessdictionary. com

Involvement of USA in Korean War Essay

Different from its involvement in the Vietnam War?In the 40s onwards the States got fire in Asian affairs. Taking into account the fact that they were non place upright themselves or any other American ally, they had to further extend territorial reserve boundaries to fall on political-ideological frontiers. Indeed, they were defending its district from enemies in a sweet scale the fear over against the developing socialism over the world. In these take outs, Korea and Vietnam portrayed two world(prenominal) hotspots now focused on Asia, as the arrange at heart the fight of the two global powers USA and the Soviet pith. Anyways, were the mess by which USA faced collectivism in both countries different?First of all, the background in randomness-East Asia determined in huge scale American intervention in the area, since either country were assiduous by other foreign powers while Korea was under Japanese domination, Vietnam pacify remained component part of the Fre nch empire (later becoming member of the French Union).The outset case of Korea was already been the stage of the war between democracy and communism. USA was quite anxious since the conflict that had already happened in Germany and the one that was red on in Turkey and Greece, both cases falling under Soviet beliefs. afterward the defeat of the Chinese Kuomintang in 1949, by communist Mao, American drawing cards began fearing that the rapid spread of the remains around the world would be successful one much time in Asia. Thus, USA mulish to risk and try obtaining unseasoned territory that would give them an ally in East Asia, which, in turning, would give it time to plan more attempts and new supremacy against communism. Thus, they fought against the Japanese ascertainment as an excuse to free the territory in the name of democracy. However, the Soviet Union was similarly real kindle in the area for the same reasons a new ally and victory against capitalism.Anyways, th e whole territory was firstly freed under the name of United Nations, towards democracy, for support free peoples who are resenting attempt subjugation. However both powers cl conducted their part very soon. Both powers set up a divisor line along the 38th parallel, where the North would be under Soviet aim and the South by American intervention. Then, although elections were held in South Korea (August 1938) supported by UN, Russia rejected to do so in the North. The South became the independent nation of Korea and the North adopted the name of Democratic Peoples nation of Korea, very very much in the lines of Chinese system.The tension now remained very high at either sides of the line. Since the president of North Korea by the time, blood-related IL Sung might have been encouraged by the Chinese regimen and Russia with military supplies to test USA President, Trumans determination, showing him that communism was the dominant power in Pacific Asia, also with the promise of spr eadhead further very soon.At that stage, the domino theory was beginning in American minds. This concept applies to the idea that the fall of one bow to a common system would lead inexorably to a series of the same. Therefore, if communism triumphed in mainland China and Korea was already under its influence, the wave could have an illimitable repercussion in the entire area of South-East Asia. Thus, behind these ideas, American military personnel were ordered to Korea to withdraw North Koreans host after their invasion in the south republic, together with forces from a nonher 14 countries all under the command of General McArthur.However, afterwards, South Korea was to the highest degree interpreted by North Korea array but American army regained look into in the territory later and also two thirds of North Korea, in its advance northwards. With this movement, they eventually placed a fleet between mainland China and China mainland. Thus, China now feared them to help Chian g Kai-Shek troops from the island to come again and conquer the region of Manchuria as the most important industrial and strategical area. This attempt, if successful, would cut off the problem of communism in Asia, since China would turn back to democracy and therefore either North Korea would remain insulate or without Chinese help, she would non be able to survive in the area for long.These reasons made the Chinese government launch a bulky counter offensive in 1951 that captured South Korea capital again. Now McArthur was dismayed of Chinese power and popular opinion that the best strategy to defeat communism in the area was notwithstanding possible with atomic bombs. With this new visible horizon within the fight, president Truman feared a large-scale war that would provoke a nuclear war, which USA did not pauperism. It pointed out the American limitations that would enclose them within the fight they feared communism because the nuclear power that could destroy them, but the just force capable to defeat it was their nuclear power, something that, however, they could not use since it would incline them into a fatal war.Thus, now, the only American possibility focused to settle in East Asia to contain communism there in January 1951 UN troops expelled the North Koreans troops from South Korea and fortified the frontier, until in July 1953, both countries firmed a peace agreement that stated the limit at the 38th parallel.After American impossibility for annexation of territories in East Asia, the new feeling had to be focused in the South, due to the independence of Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia from the French Union (Geneva Agreement, 1954). Then, Vietnam was temporarily divided into two countries, and analogously as Korea, the frontier was accomplished at another parallel, in this case the 17th one. In 1956, elections were to be held in the whole country, but they never were and only in South Vietnam a referendum was held in 1955, which gave Ng o Dinh Diem as the president. He did not want to hold elections for the whole country and USA, with Eisenhower as the new president feared much more intensely the domino effect. Moreover, Diem was unable to rule the country, in full general because he was very unpopular among the peasants, which furthover, in the future encouraged defiant towards American presence in the south and appetence for communism.At this stage the Vietcong (the guerrillas) in the south were receiving supplies, equipment and troops from North Vietnam. Ho Chi Minh, who was leader of the resistance against French Union and who wanted communism to rule the country, thought that giving aid to South Vietnam against Diem, national elections would not be held and to coalesce the countries forces would be necessary. Thus, the next American presidencies had to launch a very concentrated campaign to stop the communism wave in Vietnam-Kennedy (1961-3) tried to go for American involvement against the guerrilla, by sending advisors, military equipment and enclosing local anaesthetic peasants into fortified villages to isolate the Vietcong outside. However, this failed since most of the peasants were members of the Vietcong.-Johnson (1963-9) decided to bomb North Vietnam (1965), as he thought that Ho Chi Minh controlled directly the Vietcong. He also sent half million troops in the south.However, due to the dandy pressure of American public against the war, since they saw the conflict as a total failure, Johnson stopped the bombing in March 1968, although he did not want to withdraw.-Nixon (1969-74) based his plan in the new concept of Vietnamization As public opinion did not allow him to send more troops to Vietnam, he would use the ones that were already there to re-army the Vietnamese army watch their own defence. That would allow gradually American troops to withdraw. However, he began a new wave of bombing in the north, but this time including Cambodia and Laos, as they were receiving s upplies and troops from North Vietnam.Despite all the measures and policies, at the end of 1972, the Vietcong controlled almost the entire territory and several factors obligated the American intervention to affect the end. Eventually a ceasefire was agreed in January 1973. Then, American troops were recede and in 1975 the Vietcong unified the whole country under a communism government by occupying Saigon, the capital of South Vietnam. Also in Laos and Cambodia the system was effected the same year.Taking all these explanations into account, I can state that there were slight differences between the American policies in both the Korean and the Vietnamese wars. The main reason was the potential force used in each one, and China played an important part. It applies to the fact that the attack against them was not as ruthless as in Vietnam, mainly due to Chinese power. While in Vietnam neither China nor Russia supported the army as directly as in Vietnam, in Korea China was directly problematic since the problem was slighted related with the relationship between USA and Chiang Kai-Shek troops. For China, American troops recovered Manchuria, they would give back China mainland to them.Communist China was not willing to accept that, and USA knew that she was capable of fighting bravely to an effect that USA did not want to test, since the split of the Sino-Soviet agreement left China in an uncertain situation from the international point of view We do not want the fighting in Korea to expand into a general war. Therefore, American government did not risk indeed and the only price was to lose North Korea.Nevertheless, in Vietnam they could use a more violent system as they communist China was already established and did not fear USA any more. Moreover, the conflict was seen under UN look solely for the purpose of restoring the Republic to its status prior to the invasion. For international support, it was a fight towards the human rights, since North Korea un der communism did not want to hold elections. However, UN never supported the war in Vietnam and the international view of the war and American methods to be victorious pressed the government to reach the end of the conflict.Therefore, differences between the both wars was mainly due to familiar factors of each country, but especially the foreign intervention that encouraged or restrained American actions to act in one way or another.

Confucianism and Contemporary Issues

Confucianism and Contemporary IssuesThis essay will illustrate the history of Confucianism and the stage setting of Master Kong (Confucius) in the early branchs of the religion. The purpose of the paper is to discuss the normal characteristic of Confucianism with other east religions, the contemporary issues it faces, and the interaction amongst the red-brick orb and Confucianism. Also the paper list the nine most plebeian text of literature used by the religion and it includes the role of women and the tail fin bonds too known as the five slap-up relationships. chronicleConfucius was innate(p) August27, 551 BC in a small state called Lu. His birth name is Kong Qui or Kung Fu-tzu. The modern name of Confucius is an early Western r terminateering of the acutes Chinese honorific name Kung-fu-tsu (Confucius, 2013) It is noted that Confucius was born in answer to his p arnts prayers. Confucius surname Kong means an utterance of thankfulness when prayers leave been answered. H e stemmed from the Chang dynasty 500 years before the birth of Christ. fit in to the text, the exact details of his childhood vary. around say that he grew up in a wealthy household. Other reports say that he stemmed from a poverty stricken background. Scholars do agree that Confucius existed during a date of crisis in China.The crisis stemmed from the challenge to the ruler posed by the trine Huan families. By heredity they had the right to oc transfusey the ministerial offices of the Lu government. It is put down that he entertained himself during his y let onh by arranging rituals and staging ceremonies. This upheaval in society had an effect on Confucius. He thought that if the sentiment of society would change it would change the counseling things were done. The notion of society must(prenominal) change. Individuals must strive to be noble as possible. (Confucius, 2013) During his early magnanimous life, Confucius took on odd jobs to support him-self and assumedly hi s family. He was most often fired with precise little bullion. He was said to be a very humble and sympathetic man that had a passion for government. He believed in sharing his knowledge with the world.What was most important to Confucius was not holding an prescribed governmentalposition merely upholding his moral beliefs. Confucius held ii moral honours. Per the text, his two main ideals were to produce excellent individuals that would be great social leaders. And secondly, he wanted to create a harmonious society. (Molly, 2010) His concern for others is demonstrated through his regard for the linguistic rules communicated in the belief of do unto others as you would have them do unto you. That principle is more familiarly known as the Golden Rule. Confucius as well believed that everyone had a social responsibility these social responsibilities were communicated into the five great relationships. Duties were identify by what social classification you were included in. With all five of the great relationships there is a high level of respect that is shown. Each political party is held in the uniform regard as the other.He established a civilize with the intent to produce and develop supreme individuals. He wanted to check his students to mentally and morally expand their social views and to practice self-discipline. Confucius teachings to his disciples were recorded in the book of Analects. His teachings were informal and primarily de lovered in lectures. His teachings were not religious. The focus of his teachings turn around the Six Arts archery, calligraphy, music, computation, chariot driving and ritual. (Confucius, 2013)According to an article pen by Valerie Sartor, she notes He (Confucius) must have been a highly ingratiatory speaker, and a magnetic per passwordality, for he convinced many men to deform his disciples. (Sarator, V., 2009) He is said to have had 3,000 students and 72 disciples, with whom he traveled with passim China. (China Today, 2005) Confuciuss principles and virtues still have a heavy influence on Chinese religion. At the time, his teachings provided guidelines for the Chinese educational system. Common characteristics the Confucianism religionConfucius put aside unselfishness to gentlemans gentlemanity and kind-heartedness and teaches raft to do unto others what you would like for yourself, (19962013 A+E Television Networks, LLC). His social philosophy was based primarily on the principle of Ren, loving others (Moloy 2010). The people believed in him and his teachings. Confucius, said when people are amend the distinction between classes of people will disappear and this will work push through harmony amongst people. Religions, such(prenominal) as Buddhism has a lot in common withConfucianism, both(prenominal) believed in spiritual development, having good morals and harmony amongst ourselves.Confucianism and Buddhism also believed that people should act with good manners, and have good etiquette. In directlys world, Chinese strongly push themselves in education, learning unlike languages, mathematics and arts. Confucius saw no difference between people with money and the ones without money. He believed that anyone after part be superior and he teaches his student to be noble and with good character and with education you potful achieve a lot and anything. Education will also make a best(p) way of life. Confucianism also value potents over females there for males have command over the women.The comparison between Confucianism and Hinduism teachings is that they are both similar, both religions speculate and having good ethics. Confucianism and Buddhism are also similar. They both do meditation and they both believe in end of ugly and the love for each other.Interactions between the modern world and ConfucianismIn todays society it is easy to match that religion in the modern world would face multiple challenges and changes. Some of the advances toda y scientifically such as DNA genetics, reproducing of children, and major harmonium transplant surgery are all questions that men and women in the earlier times didnt have to worry about. They are many eastern cities that are the home base for certain religions. At one aim these religions were thought of as foreign. We now live in a world where every place to visit and Remote Island in the world is may be featured on the travel channel. Television exposes all humankind in the world the different cultures and diversity as well as the different religions.Every day this world we live in is constantly evolving. It makes you mobilize of where this world would be in the future. The writer started to question in what slipway would religion change. From the beginning when religion was first introduced just foreshorten a moment to think about how much it has changed. at that place is no way possible to predict that far into the future, but we can make an ameliorate guess based on th e things that are transpiring today in religion. There are many different influences that make up religions and how they wrap up to evolve throughout the years. It was not long ago, the legal age of most human beings in the world lived as farmers, and in small villages, and monarchs ruled the majority of thecountries.As time passed we slowly begin to see less(prenominal) kings and queens and in some counties they just disappeared. Some governments were formed and a lot of people traded in rural life for a big city lifestyle. There was a period of time where people traveled sometimes out of the country in raise to taste different food or experience firsthand the way of living for another culture. Now you can purchase a Whopper at a burger king located in Switzerland or have the pleasure of drinking a cup of Starbucks coffee in Hong Kong. With all these changes and our world as we know it today is steadily evolving it makes you take a moment to think about how the pagan unificati ons will change religion.In the past many religions preached the value of being less fortunate and living a simple but comfortable lifestyle. Things that were taught held value because it was a reflection of the lifestyle of the majority of people. Today in religion we see exhortation from the poor to get ahead and how money can be the center of the religion. In the new world contact is evermore attainable. There are many different items that we have that can be used to educate men and women on Confucianism and some of the religion interactions. Its common to utilize television, radio, books, magazines and most important internet to close in the gap that once kept every culture and religion separate. more frequently are we seeing where religions adopt different beliefs and religious shipway from other religions. Contemporary Issues in ConfucianismThe beliefs of Confucianism are written in the numinous Narratives as Confucian thinking, believed that learning from the past is fund amental (Beversluis, 1995). Confucius did not run through the possibility of a reality beyond the human world. However he believed that a human did not have the capacity to understand such a world. He believed that human morals should be based on human relationships, without reference to some higher order (Beversluis, 1995). Most Confucian scholars believed that the human being existence is based upon reaching ones highest potential in life. And that by achieving the ultimate goal of a perfect person is a lifelong process of self-cultivation (Beversluis, 1995).We also see that the belief in suffering and evil by some Confucian scholars are fateful in human life. These two problems can promote learning and growth. A mistake does not label one as a sinner, but one should take it as opportunity to learn and growfrom the mistake. purge though some humans are incapable of feeling empathy, the suffering of others for most should provide motivation for moral growth (Beversluis, 1995). C onfucius believed that human beings should live and conduct their lives with good moral statures so that they can exist in harmony with others, rather than hoping to be rewarded or punished in the afterlife (Beversluis, 1995). Womans role in ConfucianismNow let us take a look at the role of women in Confucianism. A chars role in this religion is that of subservientness and obedience. Scholar Xiao Ma has said Women always have been fighting for a way out of the Confucian shadows. According to Women And Confucianism (1996-2012)the Confucian structure of society, women at every level were to occupy a position lower than men. Most Confucians accepted the subservience of women to men as natural and proper order of life. At the same time they accorded womens honor and power as mother and mother-in-law within their family end quote.Some Neo-Confucian saying as it regards to women are, Womans greatest duty is to produce a son, Disorder is not sent down by Heaven, it is produced by women, Women are to be led and to follow others and a favorite by male Confucians is, A woman should look on her preserve as if he were Heaven itself, and never weary of thinking how she may yield to him (Women And Confucianism, 1996-2012). tabu textsSacred texts associated with Confucianism are The vanadium Classics. These are the Book of Songs (Sh Jng), The Classic of History (Sh Jng), The Classic of Rites (L J), The Book of Changes (I Ching), and The Spring and Autumn record (Chn Qi). The Four Books, which are The Analects of Confucius (Ln Y), The Mencius (Mng Z), The Great Learning (D Xu) and The Doctrine of the Golden cerebrate (Zhng Yng). The Thirteen Classics and the Three Commentaries (Hare, 2010).The Five Great RelationshipsThe Five Great Relationships were implemented by Confucius so that everyone would know the role they vie in society and conduct themselves accordingly. These five bonds are those of ruler and put in compassion in rulers, loyalty in ministers and subject s father and son kindness in thefather, filial piety in a son husband and married woman righteous behavior in the husband, obedience in the wife elder brother and younger brother gentility in the oldest son, lowliness and respect in the younger siblings and friend and friend humane consideration in elders, deference in juniors.Confucianism today, is mainly practiced in China, Korea, japan and Vietnam. There are over six million devotees who practice Confucianism. In the past Confucianism was the state philosophy in China, but this has drastically decrease in todays world due to communism in China (Beversluis, 1995). However as recently as 2011 we saw prexy Hu Jintao introducing the idea of a Harmonious Socialist Society in order to officially revive this fading religion in China. There has been some(prenominal) network of cultural Confucius institutes set up globally by the Chinese government, as well as erecting a statue of Confucius in Tiananmen Square.ConclusionMaster Kong ( Confucius) was a man of great moral standings and character. Even if many in the beginning of the religion disliked him, he has been immortalized by the Chinese Government because of the millions of followers he has to this day.

Online vs. Traditional Education Essay

Have you ever had the opportunity to fall online categorizees? Have you veritable(a) heard of online classes? If you establishnt, you be missing out on a great opportunity. Online command is rapidly becoming a popular alternate(a) to tralatitious education. It is offering more flexibility for students and providing individuals with better opportunities for postsecondary education. Even though traditional education has been the only body-build of education for hundreds of years, online education offers a new and improved style of learning.When people think of education, they think of a groomroom filled with desks, paper, books, and other(a) students. After only, this is how humans have been taught for generations. This is an exemplification of traditional education. Traditional education is when students attend a school and ar taught in a formal classroom setting. There is an instructor that teaches the class by giving demonstrations or by lecturing. It earmarks the st udents to have face-to-face fundamental interaction with the instructor or their fellow students. Traditional education has never been real flexible. There atomic number 18 scheduled times for class and working around that schedule tolerate prove to be difficult. Often times, life tear downts hindquarters conflict with the class schedule. This lav cause students to miss class and rejoin behind in their work.While traditional education is not truly flexible, online education is. Online education is the use of technology to share educational info and to teach students. It often only haves a computing device and an Internet connection. The classroom setting of an online education sens be anywhere. You can work from the allay of your own home or while you are at the library. As long as you have access to a computer with Internet, you can go to school. In many situations, you can in addition complete the school work on your own time. That way if manything comes up at the endure minute, you still have the ability to complete your school work without losing points. It also allows students to pass to work at their job while taking classes. This is a very nice convenience to have, especially for individuals who have a family or have a job to work around.Online education can also be much cheaper than traditional education. It is not uncommon for tuition at online schools to be disdain than that of a traditional school, although this is certainly not unbent of all online programs. In addition, costs associated with things like commuting, classroom supplies, and housing are not relevant in an online learning environment. Some programs may not require students to purchase textbooks or provide the material online. Usually, students can download all of their materials needed for class, such as assignments or textbooks, straight from their online classroom. The lower costs of an online education are a key factor for its advance popularity.Another large factor to consider when choosing a form of education is the availability of resources. Most traditional schools have a vast tot of resources. They often have at least one library, science labs, computer labs, and other resources that make the learning experience easier. The only problem is that some of these resources have limited access. They are only open during certain hours and may even be closed some days. This reduces a students flexibility and may affect their ability to complete work on time.Online education, on the other hand, offers resources that are available 24/7. The resources are all online, so there is no need to have a completion time or open hours. They are at the students fingertips and only require the click of a button. They may even offer more resources than you would befall at a traditional school. Resources such as a complimentary plagiarism checker or a grammar review are commonly not available to students in a traditional classroom setting. These resou rces can give online students the upper hand in education and will allow them to perform at a higher level.The biggest difference between traditional and online education is the method of communication. In traditional education, everything is face-to-face. The students interact with the teacher at a time and the discussion occurs only in the classroom. This face-to-face interaction allows the students to build kindly skills and form relationships with other classmates. The only gloam there is with this method is that at a time the class is over, it can be difficult to contact the instructor if a question or problem would arise.In online education, communication is much different. Students can be thousands of miles apart and live in different time zones. wherefore there cannot be any face-to-face interaction. Instead, online education relies on ostentation messaging through a forum. It is very similar to a natter room. This is where the majority of the communication takes plac e. Students can communicate with the instructor and with each other by posting messages and waiting for a reply. This makes it very easy to recrudesce a hold of other people, no matter the time of day. The downfall with this method is that sometimes it can take a while to begin with you receive a reply. However, online courses require a certain amount of intricacy so the question will be addressed before as well as long.Many people question the amount of work that online students do. Some even say that online colleges should not be as credible as traditional universities. Nothing could be farther from the truth. Online education shares many of the analogous requirements judge by traditional schools. Online students write research papers, have to create projects, and take finals just like any other student. In fact, many online schools have traditional campuses and have the same requirements for both campus and online students. It does not matter which form of education an indi vidual chooses. They will be required to do the same amount of work in order to attain their degree.For years I aspect traditional education was the only way to go. I was a firm believer in the traditional ways and never thought that you could get the same education by sitting on a computer. Now that I have experience in both forms of education, I can see why so many people are switching to online programs. The flexibility of online classes and the vast amount of resources make it more drug user friendly than ever before. The popularity of online education is on the rise and will continue to increase as more people switch from the traditional ways.

According to research done by Warr

A lot of research has been conducted and hypothesis sourulated to determine whether delinquent couple experiences precede delinquency or vice versa. Another concern is how age influences delinquency and the interactivity or linkage among age, colleague connection, and delinquency. Consequently, the aim of this paper is to tote up to fore, the various researches, theories and hypothesis that invariably throw more light on this issue.According to research done by Warr (1993), delinquency escalates rapidly as individuals preface their teen years and then declines almost as rapidly as they enter their late teens and early twenties. A possible explanation for this in my opinion is that issuesters in their early teens tend to be more adventuresome and experimental.They are also easily influenced to try out new habits-good or bad- since often times, they are not experienced enough to know or care about the consequences of their actions. However, as they grow older and of course sp ecify by experience, they inadvertently develop a more matured and equilibrize approach to the everyday choices they make.On some other note, the fact that a peer gathering that you belong to engages in unlawful activities helps to validate its relevance and the feeling that it probably is the cool thing to do. Also, because humans are creatures of habit, once they start a habit, say alcoholism, it doesnt take long in the lead they become addicted.From another perspective, a criminal activity, say illegal drug use, plenty form part of general criteria for joining some particular peer groups. This can in no small way influence youths to indulge in these activities just to win the groups approval or endorsement.A tog up of contention among researchers is which comes first between delinquency and delinquent peer association? Research by Gottfredson and Hirschi (1987), support the notion that delinquency actually comes before delinquent peer association. Similar researches perfor med by Thornberry (1994), Elliot and Menard (1996) however, offer opposing views.It is historic to examine the role that age actually plays in delinquent acts. shot by Elliot and Menard (1996), show that both delinquency and delinquent peer association increase with age.A more insightful theory is the interactional theory by Thornberry (1987) that suggests that the influence of delinquent peer associations should increase during mid-adolescence and then decline piecemeal based on the reasoning that the hold that peer groups have on an individual is more pronounced during early stages of adolescence and less so as they grow older and commit to traditional activities like school, family, church, work etc.Still on the effects that age and delinquent peer association have on delinquency, the constant supervisory roles that teachers/guardians play in schools can douse the detrimental influences that delinquent peer associations can have on a young individual.However, as they advance in age and schooling, and move on to institutions of high learning, the teachers or guardians tend to treat individuals as adults capable of making their make decisions. In other words, the supervisory roles that teachers play in the life of students garnish drastically as they advance in age and schooling. This also represents the theories denotative by Jang (1999675).The interactional theory developed by Thornberry (1987) has been put to sort but not without some loopholes. For instance, though the theory suggests that delinquent peer associations vary with age, it doesnt specifically address the measure or sept of offending. Also, a general inference tends to be made based on just one category of offending (e.g. drug offending).

Value of Codeswitching in an Interaction

MZUZU UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGES AND LITERATURE TO MR NTHALA FROM ELEANOR MACHESO (BAE/2A/53/09) caterpillar track CODE EEN 4703 COURSE TITLE LANGUAGE CONTACT AND BILINGUALISM QUSTION EXPLAIN THE harbor OF CODE SWITCHING AMONG BILINGUALS IN TRANSACTION DUE DATE sixth MAY 2013 In linguistics, encipher surpassing is changing between ii or more than than languages, or language varieties, in the context of a single conversation. Multilinguals sometimes mapping elements of multiple languages in conversing with each other.Thus, code- break is the use of more than one linguistic variety in a idea consistent with the syntax and phonology of each variety. According to Weinreich (1953), in the forties and 1950s, many scholars considered code- exchange to be a sub-standard use of language. Since the 1980s, however, most scholars have recognise it is a normal, natural product of bilingual and multilingual language use. With this fruition in mind, Muy sken (2005), states that switching is not an isolated phenomenon nevertheless rather a central part of bilingual discourse.With regards to this view, this try will examine the time appreciate of code switching among bilinguals in transaction. There are a issue forth of different reasons why people code switch and thus code switching holds value for bilinguals. Firstly, during a transaction, code switching is of value because it lav be used by bilinguals to show identity with a group. For typeface, (Di Pietro,1977) reports that Italian immigrants would tell a joke in English and give the laggard line in Italian, not only because it is better said in Italian but in addition to stress the fact that they all fit to the akin minority group, with shared values and experiences.Very often, people code switch both consciously and unconsciously to act or talk more like those around them. Code switching therefore allows the establishment of resonance among bilinguals involved in a transaction. With this rapport established it becomes easy for bilinguals to enter in a transaction easily. Secondly, during a transaction, code switching is of vast semantic significance. Gumperz (1982), stresses that switching at a particular moment conveys semantically significant information. It is a communicative resource that builds on participants perception of two languages.Lexical choice conveys meaning during code switching. gal (1979) beef up this view by stating that listeners interpret codes witching as an indicator of the verbalizer systems attitude, or communicative feels and emotions as code switching is a tool for conveying leave linguistic and social information. By the same token, David (2003) describes a range of speech acts like reprimands, directives, requests, and warnings that are conveyed by utilise different intricate strategies to show the semantic significance in accredited specific situations.Another reason why code switching is of great value t o bilinguals is that, it can be used when there is the need of making a point, that is, to emphasize or highlight the significance of a given develop or base in the speech event. These reasons whitethorn bear pedagogic significance because in many cases it is the use of emphasis or the intent of assigning importance to a boy or a topic that directly correlates with the extent of a respondents knowledge most a given topic and his or her choice of language.For example Gal (1979) reports several instances in which code switching at the end of an personal line of credit not only helps to end the interaction but may also serve to emphasize a point. She has taken an example from English-German code switching and stressed that switching from English to German is a means of adding more force to the final statement. Lastly, code switching has the value of communicating the mood of a chatterer during a transaction. According to Malik (1994), usually when bilinguals are for example tire d or angry, code switching takes place with a bare-assed dimension.This means that, when the speaker is in the right state of mind, he or she can find the appropriate word or expression in the base language. Very often he or she knows exactly the word in both the languages that he or she is competent in but the base language may be more available at the point of time when the speaker has a disturbed mind. Such raft may create a hurdle in getting the appropriate word or phrase in the language in which the speaker may be more proficient if he or she is not mentally agitated.For example a bilingual competent in Tumbuka (base language) and Sena may use Tumbuka expressions more than Sena when he or she is angry. It can therefore be concluded that there are many values of code switching in particular social contexts. The ability of the interlocutors who are able to speak more than one language fluently plays an important role during their interaction. This essay has shown that the abili ty of bilinguals to use more than one language in a transaction is of certain value to the speakers BIBLIOGRAPHY David, M. K. (2003). The Pakistani Community in Machang, Kelantan Reasons for spoken language Shift.International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 161, pp47-53. Di Pietro, R. (1977). Codes witching as a Verbal Strategy Among Bilinguals. Washington, DC Hemisphere Gal, S. (1979). Language Shift Social Determinants of Linguistic Change in Bilingual Austria. New York Academic Gumperz, J. J. (1982). Conversational Code switching in Discourse Strategies. Cambridge, England Cambridge University Press. Malik, L. (1994). Sociolinguistics A Study of Code switching. New Delhi Anmol. Weinreich, U. (1953). Languages in Contact. The Hague mutton

BIOLOGY VOCABULARY AND ASSESSMENT Essay

1. Binomial nomenclature Linnaeuss system of naming organisms, giving a scientific two-word name to each species- the first part being the genus, and the southward the species2. Class taxonomic aggroup that contains star or more relate orders3. Classification grouping of organisms or objects ground on a regulate of criteria that helps organize, communicate, and retain cultivation4. Division taxonomic term used instead of phylum to group link classes of plants and bacteria5. Domain taxonomic group of one or more kingdoms6. Family taxonomic group of similar, related genera that is smaller than a genus and larger than an order7. Genus taxonomic group of closely related species with a common ancestor8. Kingdom taxonomic group of closely related phyla or divisions9. Order taxonomic group that contains related families10. Phylum taxonomic group of related classes11. Taxon named group of organisms ex phylum, species12. Taxonomy branch of biology that identifies, names, and classifi es species based on their natural relationships. CH 17 SEC 213. Character familial morphological or biochemical feature that14. Cladistics taxonomic order that models evolutionary relationships based on shared derived characters and phylogenetic trees15. Cladogram branched diagrams that represents the hypothesized development or evolution of a species or group uses bioinformatics, morphological studies, and information from DNA studies16. Molecular clock model that uses comparisons of DNA sequences to estimate development and rate of evolutionary change17. Phylogney evolutionary history of a species CH 17 SEC 318. Archaea the species classified in Domain Archaea19. Fungus unicellular or multicellular eukaryote that is stationary, absorbs nutrients from organic materials in the environment, and has cell walls that contain chitin20. protistan unicellular, multicellular, or colonial eukaryote whose cell walls may contain cellulose goat be plant-like, animal-like, or fungus- like17.1 ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS1. It is easier to communicate and retain information intimately organisms when they are categorized into groups.2. In the name given to an organism consort to binomial nomenclature, the first part is the genus name, and the second part is the specific epithet, or specific name, that identifies the species.3. In modern classification systems, people could classify organisms non only on morphological and behavioral characteristics, but also include evolutionary relationships.4. The giant panda is of the Animalia Kingdom, Chordata Phylum, Mammalia Class, order Carnivora Order, Ursidae Family, Ailuropoda Genus and Melanoleuca Species.5. Since the phyla includes multiple classes, there would be more biodiversity in the phylum than in the class.6. Taxonomy involves classifying species, but systematics involves discovering new species and relationships. They incorporate information from taxonomy in their studies.

John Wesley Hardin

Elsie Glosser Mr. Largent History 122 8 December 2010 howevertocks Wesley Hardin thaumaturgy Wesley Hardin, Texas closely notorious particle acceleratorfighter, was the son of a Methodist preacher that was growing up during the Reconstruction Era. But instead of saving souls he displace them on to meet their Maker, via bullet train express. So was caper Wesley Hardin a refrigerant hearty belt downer or a product of the times? bath Wesley Hardin, who was named after the founder of the Methodist church, was born 26th May 1853 in Bonham, Texas. He was the son of James Gibson Hardin Sr. nd Mary Elizabeth Dixson Hardin who were matrimonial 19th May 1847. He was the wink surviving son of disco biscuit children. His father James Gibson Hardin was a Methodist preacher, circuit rider, schoolteacher and integrityyer. His incur Mary Elizabeth Dixson Hardin was the daughter of a highly respected Indiana adulterate and was described by tail end Wesley as being, blond, highly cu lturedwith a charitable disposition, a model wife and helper to his father. (Hardin) At the time of 12, he saw the Confederate sol put acrossrs returning home from the Civil War. This was as well as the beginning of the Reconstruction Era.During the Reconstruction period, the South lay beaten down, the pile were filled with hate and vengeance, and the Negro slaves were freed. M whatsoever of the Negroes joined the Union troops as soldiers or state police. It was during this time that butt Wesley developed a deep hatred of the Union and the freed Negroes. In his mind, he had seen Abraham Lincoln ruin and shot to pieces. So often he thought of him as a demon that was waging a relentless war on the South to knock off her of her most sacred rights. (Hardin) antic Wesley was raised with deep religious beliefs and Christian virtues.He had a fierce fire and brimstone religiosity, a healthful code of family loyalty and an indelible sense of honor that was a partly of the lives o f all Southerners, rich or poor. An old Civil War striving can be said to accurately reflect the mind of a youth like fanny Wesley. Oh Im a adept ol rebel, now thats just what I am, For this picturesque land of Freedom, I do not care a damn, Im pleased I fit against it I unless wish wed win And I put one acrosst want no pardon for eitherthing Ive done. I hates the constitution, this great Republic, too, I hates the Freed hu opus races Bureau and uniforms of blue,I hates the nasty eagle with all it brags and fuss, The lyin thievin Yankees I hates them worse and worse. Three coke cardinal Yankees is still in Southern dust, We got three hundred thousand before they conquered us They died of Southern fever and Southern steel and shot, I wish at that place were three million instead of what we got. I dont want no pardon for what I was and am I wont be reconstructed and I dont care a damn. (Metz) In 1865 behind Wesley and his family travel to Sumpter, Texas where his father ceremonious a school which he and his siblings attended.But it was here in 1867, at the age of 14 John Wesley would have his first encounter with the law. plot of ground preparing for a test in school, a classmate named Charles Sloter and John Wesley got in a fight over some graffiti that Charles had written on the wall about a girl in their class named Sal. Charles incriminate John Wesley of writing it and he denied it. Charles punched John Wesley and attacked him with his pocketknife. John Wesley drew his pocketknife and stabbed him twice, once in the chest and once in the linchpin, almost cleansing him.The boys parents wanted John Wesley expelled from school, but after hearing the facts in the case, the trustees exonerate him and the courts acquitted him. Charles Sloter recovered from his wounds. In November of 1868, John Wesley went to visit his uncle Barnett Hardin, who lived about 4 miles away, to watch them make sugar from the sugar cane. It was during this visit that John Wesleys life was about to change forever at the age of 15. When John Wesley a arrived at his uncles him and his cousin Barnett Jones got into a playful wrestling encounter with a former slave named Mage.Together, the boys beat him in the first round. It was during the second round that John Wesley accidentally scratched Mage and drew blood. This made Mage very wiped out(p) and he threaten John Wesley saying, He would crop up him or die himself that no w bumblee boy could draw his blood and live that a bird never flew to high not too come to the ground. (Hardin) John Wesleys uncle Barnett Hardin ordered Mage off the farm. The next morning, when he was headed for home, the Negro Mage was wait for him on the trail with a big stick. He threatened kill JohnWesley with it and then throw his body into the creek. He swung at him with the stick, and John Wesley pulled out his Colt . 44 pistol and told him to fail. Mage grabbed the reins of his horse, and when he wouldnt let go Jo hn Wesley shot him loose, but he kept coming back. He continued to shoot Mage every time he came at him, until the man collapsed. He went to another uncles house and brought him back to where Mage was lying. His uncle told him to go on home and tell his parents what had happened. Mage ended up dying from his wounds a a few(prenominal) xx-four hourss later.His father knew that John Wesley would not receive a fair trial, because to be tried for killing a Negro at that time, meant a certain death at the hands of a court plump for by Yankee bayonets. So John Wesley was sent to stay with his crony Joe, some 25 miles away, in Logallis Prairie. In December of 1868, some 6 weeks after the shooting and death of the Negro Mage, his brother told him that there were 3 Union soldiers asking questions about him. He took a shotgun and his Colt . 44 revolver and went to wait for them along the creek bed of Hickory creek crossing, where he knew they would cross.Their e ambushed them, killing 2 white soldiers with the shotgun and the down in the mouth soldier with his revolver. So, by the winter of 1868, 15 year old John Wesley Hardin had killed 4 men and was wounded for the first time. But his killings did not come off there. By February of 1871, at the age of 17, John Wesley had killed 12 men. In contact of 1871, John Wesley and his cousin Jim Clements took 1600 head of cattle and headed up the Chisholm Trail toward Abilene, Kansas. on the trail they had a problem with some Mexican vaqueros that kept meld their cattle with John Wesleys.A fight broke out, which ended up with John Wesley killing 5 of the Mexicans. So within a day or two of his 18th birthday John Wesley had now killed twenty men. He arrived in Abilene Kansas slightly June 1, 1871. It was here in Abilene, at 18 historic period old, that he met Wild Bill Hickok who was the Marshall at the time. John Wesley and Wild Bill met, for the first time, in a wine means where they discussed the rules of carryi ng firearms in Abilene. They left the meeting as friends, and John Wesley was given a privilege that no other cowboys would get to enjoy.He wore his guns for all to see. On lofty 6, 1871 he fled Kansas, for Texas after accidentally killing a man in the hotel room next door. On January 11, 1872, John Wesley returned to Gonzales, where he met Jane Bowen at his cousin Jim Clements wedding. They were married on February 29, 1872 by a Methodist minister of religion and Justice of the calmness) Thomas F. Rainey. She was 14 years old and John Wesley was 18. In April 1872, two months after the wedding, John Wesley left for two weeks to head to the world power Ranch in South Texas, 175 miles from Gonzales, to conduct business.Upon leaving the mightiness Ranch, Hardin remembered he had one of the prettiest and sweetest girls in the county as his wife. (Metz). He arrived home around 4 am that morning. On June 5, 1872, he left again for lah to sell some horses, but while in Hemphill he g ot into an fray with a local law enforcement officer, so he sold the horses there and went to his uncle Barnetts in Polk County. By August of 1872, at the age of 19, Hardin had killed 29 men. John Wesley and Janes first child, Mary Elizabeth, was born 6th February 1873, when Jane was 15 years old.Their second child, John Wesley Hardin Jr. , was born 3 August 1875, and their third child, Jane Martina, was born 15 July 1877. Whatever her faults or her degree of naivete, Jane Bowen Hardin was an give voice young lady that maintained a strong love and disproof of her husband. On May 26th 1874, at 21 years of age, John Wesley Hardin arrived in Comanche Texas, where Browne County replacement Sheriff Charles Webb had come with 15 men to kill him. He met deputy sheriff Webb outside the saloon where he asked him if he had any papers for his arrest and Deputy Webb replied that he did not have any papers for his arrest.John Wesley invited Deputy Webb to go into the saloon with him for a jollify and cigar. When John Wesley turned around to go in the door, he perceive someone shout, and as he turned he saw Deputy Webb go for his gun to shoot him in the back. Hardin drew and fired his gun hitting Deputy Brown in the head killing him, but not before he got a shot off that hit Wesley and wounded him. On 23rd July 1877, he was arrested for the murder of Brown County Deputy Charles Webb, three years after it happened.John Wesley Hardin left Austin toss out in September of 1877, for Comanche, Texas, which was some 160 miles away, to stand trial for murder. He was found guilty of second degree murder and was sentenced to 25 years of hard labor in the state penitentiary at Huntsville. He arrived there 5th October 1878. During his prison house term, he studied law and passed the take out exam. It was also during this time that his wife Jane died, on 6th November 1892. John Wesley was released from prison 17th February 1894, and was granted a gull pardon and his citizenship restored by regulator of Texas, J.S. Hogg. After his release, he joined his children in Gonzales where he began to practice law On 8 January 1895, he married his second wife Callie Lewis, of capital of the United Kingdom Texas. She was 15 ? and he was 41. Within a week of their marriage, he sent her back to be with her parents. They never divorced nor had the marriage annulled. He moved to El Paso, Texas where he opened a law practice. John Wesley got into an job with a local lawman named John Selman Jr. , when he arrested his young lady for illegally carrying a pistol. Hardin in his quiet and deadly way threatened to kill him.Selmans father new John Wesleys study as a fast and lethal gunfighter, having killed over forty men. So, fearing for his sons life, John Selman Sr, decided to take the law into his own hands and permanently stop Hardin from carrying out his threat. So, it was on 19th August 1895, in the Acme taphouse in El Paso, Texas, somewhere between 11pm and midnight that John Wesley Hardin, Texas most notorious gunfighter in American history life came to an end, shot in the back of the head while his back was turned, by John Selman Sr, while he was rolling dice at the bar.He never had the slightest chance to corroborate himself. Do I believe John Wesley Hardin was a cold blooded killer? No I dont. I believe he was a product of the times and was very self aware with a strong sense of survival. I also believe he only killed, in self defense, those that needed killing Rest in Peace John Wesley Hardin Works Cited Hardin, John Wesley. The Life of John Wesley Hardin. General Books, 2009. 3. Metz, Leon. John Wesley Hardin Dark Angel of Texas. Metz, Leon. Oklahoma University of Oklahoma press, 1996. Foreward page 2.

Final Strategic Plan Essay

E genuinelyone wants to have a delicious meal that get out not follow them a sell of money. thither ar some eaterys that try to sell you their avails. Gregs Family eatery is a eating place which extend appropriate a wholesome nutritious meal and great guest service for all our patrons.Mission StatementThe mission of Gregs eating place is to provide wholesome meals at undreamed of prices the rivalry apprizenot comp ar. Our restaurant is to provide guests the service each and every(prenominal) one of them want and deserve. We go away provide this type passelters case of service with the technology that is avail able-bodied to us as a blood line. With this technology we provide our customers with great service and delicious meals at an unbelievable price. We will become the best restaurant in the atomic number 18a that provides our customers with Mexican, African-American cuisine. The employees of Gregs restaurant will be uniform family.Organization great dea lVision is the strategic planning of a comp any(prenominal) to achieving its goals. A view statement presents the firms strategic intent that chargees the energies and resources of the company on achieving a desirable early (Pearce & antiophthalmic factor Robinson, 2009, p37). The aim for Gregs restaurant is to in the adjacent 2-4 years to be above and beyond the competition and to expand the task to other atomic number 18as within the city. The future planning of the restaurant is to come up with menu items that will continue to swear out the furrow sector to prosper. Guiding principles Culture, social responsibility, and ethics Gregs restaurant is following many determine and cultures according to the ask of customers. The menu items of the restaurant represent contrastive cultures that can attract customers of different nationalities and societies. Gregs restaurant is multi- cultural and offers a wide variety of menu items that everyone can enjoy. Gregs restaurant giv es precedence to the value of honesty and integrity in full have got of their cherished patrons.The restaurant excessively offers specials throughout the week and also issues coupons to get fractional off on certain menu items. The art is using products that are environmentally friendly and to help protect the environment and health of the community. The vision, mission, and values statement of the restaurant will provide the framework, structure and the companys goal. The vision is the end goal the restaurant wants to achieve whereas the mission and the values will provide the melody with the everyday activities the clientele already performs and also the structure and framework for the strategic plan for the employment.The air will underwrite customer needs by providing good service and meals to each and every patron that enters the establishment. All customers will get the same fresh meal the first customer to the last customer. The staff will act in a professional man ner and provide great customer service and our suppliers along with the restaurant will serve the freshest ingredients on hand(predicate).Organization strategical focussingWithout strategic direction the business will not be able to accomplish its mission or vision. So it is very important that a company has a strategic direction for the implementation of its mission and vision. Strategic direction is defined as strategies made by a business or company to fulfill its mission. Strategic direction helps the experienceer and employees to realise what is needed or required to achieve the mission of the company.Customer needs and competitive advantageAt Gregs restaurant it is important for the business to provide a relaxed comfortable atmosphere to the customers so they can like at home. At Gregs restaurant at that place has been mechanisms added to provide the customers with the undeniable seating and waiting areas to help them feel more than comfortable at the restaurant. It is also a positive direction the company has taken is there is no priority of any culture or religion to eat at the restaurant. Honesty is a appoint element that we strive when traffic with patrons. Strategy planning helps the company review the mission and vision and to give sure that the company is headed in the right direction on achieving the goals. The future planning and vision of the restaurant has an impact on the restaurant dodging and it could impact the way the business will do over the next few years. The business has to utilize its vision and mission statements to make bare-assed decisions or to mend on the decisions it makes about the future of the business and what is deprivation to benefit the business.SWOTT abbreviationIn the restaurant business and by organism modern to the industry which is very competitive a SWOTT analysis plays a key role and is needed for a business to succeed. Gregs Family Restaurant sets itself a partition from other restaurants by s ervicing their customers with excellent customer service and meals. When analyzing a business one has to look at the ingrained and foreign factors that affect the company. A SWOTT analysis provides a breakdown of all these factors purge factors that could affect a business internally and externally. SWOTT analysis is a marionette a company uses in forming a strategic plan. It is the most stiff tool a company uses to determine and uses for a strategic plan. SWOTT stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats, and Trends a company must(prenominal) face.Business can use SWOTT as a tool to create and overview of the organization strategic situation. (Pearce & Robinson, 2009). For a new establishment like Gregs Restaurant a SWOTT analysis is infallible to establish and compare where it is in a competitive commercialize. When operating any type of business preparation is a key element expression into as many potential options as possible is a must to prevent the com pany from profit loss along with the shareholders still in this case it is Gregs stakeholders at risk.By eliminating all possible threats and creating opportunities with contain financial resources and concentrating on the long- term goal is the key to the success of the business and the future. SWOTT provides basic framework for business existing or new. More opportunities can be created by eliminating various weaknesses. External forces which are opportunities, threats, and trends are sets of rumbustious factors the restaurant face and must overcome to succeed in the restaurant business. After conducting a SWOTT analysis legal and regulatory, sparing, technology, Global and social trends were set up external forces that need to be addressed.Legal and RegulatoryBecause of the external forces of spring a new restaurant or possible refitting and exiting building you will have to deal with the zoning laws. Restaurants need licenses and permits to operate or a food service establ ishment permit, alcohol license and food preventative permit. Food safety health codes vary from state to state but restaurant businesses have to abide by the rules and laws that are put forth. The rules and regulations are to help protect the consumers and business.EconomicInformation regarding to products, services, tools, technology, and suppliers will compromise the economic environment of the restaurant. In 2001 atomic number 20 restaurants are projected to register 63.8 one thousand million in gross revenue, every $1 spent generates additional $1.19 in sales for the state economy. In 2010 there were 62, 794 eating and alcoholisming places in atomic number 20 every extra $1 million spent in Californias restaurants generates an additional 23.8 jobs in the state. In 2012 California restaurants employ 1,445,000 plenty (www.restaurant.org). Macroeconomics is very sluggish at this point in time. Inflation is at a high and banks are increasing interest rates. People are not spe nding as they did in the past they are more frugal with their finances. With the housing market in a slump, unemployment on the swot up and with energy prices on the rise it is giving the restaurant industry a hard time. Changing labor conditions and cost is affecting smaller family type restaurants to eventually lose their business.GlobalizationGlobalization shows luck for Gregs restaurant to expand outside the United States. Forming a Limited Liability troupe (LLC) it protects your personal assets from any liability the business incurs. If the owner plans on picture up a restaurant in different locations have give way LLC for the location.SocialSocially people love to meet, eat, and have a drink and fun. But given the economic conditions of today it is hard for people to dine like they once did in the past. People are also tending about eating healthy and given the summation of a lot of food recalls in the past. Social media is also playing a declamatory role in the marketi ng aspect of the restaurant industry. applied science technology in the restaurant industry is very vital to the everyday operation. There is software available to track inventory, supplier orders, and to manage food orders. engineering is being developed every day to improve the way restaurants do business. Managers are no in more statement of their staff with irrelevant monitoring systems. Internal forces are more controllable factors a business can use to improve the operation and its path to success. After conducting an internal evaluation these were the factors the business came up with that is logical dodging, strategic capabilities, and structures.StrategyIn order for the restaurant to grow and expand a strategy has to be designed to which the business should offer products and services which customers could not receive from anyplace else. As far as strategizing the restaurant has the use of resource control which is key i.e. (operations, finance, supplies, and men).Stra tegic CapabilitiesStrategic capabilities play a big part in the restaurant industry. A business can create its own uniqueness through its marketing and strategic capabilities. A well- organized tack on chain, a well trained staff, and a competent management group are strategic capabilities that will help the restaurant to fulfill its vision. The business also needs to consider its ability to manage working capital, expecting manpower issues and customer expectations and the ability to think ahead of the competition. As the industry changes over a period of time the threats and opportunities the restaurant will face the strategies and exemplar of the business will have to adapt to these changes to meet the needs of the customers. It is very critical management focuses and maintain a product mix that industrial plant well for the business. The restaurant should position itself to reach specific demographic groups.Issues and OpportunitiesAs mentioned in internal forces issues that are apparent is the lack of interactions between the employees. With these issues it allows opportunity to create meetings between employees and management. These meetings will allow staff to feel they go bad and part of the family. It also allows employees to express what is working and not working for the business and what need improvement since the staff are the ones interacting with the customers.Balance ScorecardTo develop a Gregs Family Restaurant a balance scorecard is essential. It is key component for defining the goals and targets of a business as well as the mission vision and SWOTT analysis. A balanced scorecard is, A set of four measures directly linked to a companys strategy financial performance, customer knowledge, internal business processes, and learning and growth (Pearce & Robinson, 2009, p. 202).Financial billet/ stockholder appraiseA well theme out vision and mission statement will facilitate the restaurant to achieve its target. The restaurants objectiv es are to increase the performance of the restaurant. The responsibility of the restaurant is to desire its customer satisfaction. Increase revenue, and also achieve financial stability.Customer Value PerspectiveCustomers determine the success of the business. The ups and downs of the restaurants as well as the address of the services the business provides relates to the customers satisfaction. The more the customers are satisfied the better the business will do to attract more customers.Process/Internal operations PerspectiveStrategic planning is very effective to give a nutritious meal to customers. This should be done in accordance with the customer needs. The most important thing is to determine the purpose and intentions of the strategy, because this will help the business towards its goals. The restaurant should set its goals and the path while keeping in minds the values and interest of the patrons. Customer comment cards should be available so customers can express their c omments and concern. Gregs family restaurant is always taking initiatives to improve service and products to increase their customer base. cultivation and Growth PerspectiveLearning and growth process is the prospective to know about your business and if it is developing into the type of business you dreamt of. Learning in accordance to Gregs family restaurant means to learn about the attitudes of the employees which are internal and customers which are external. Strategic planning within the growth and learning perspective should focus on employee training to have competent employees.Balance ScorecardShareholder Value/Financial PerspectiveStrategic Objectives* Market share should increase* Net revenues should increase* Financial stability should be achieved* Production cost should be minimizedPerformance Measure* Revenue growth* change magnitude operating cost* Return on interest and capitalTargets* 3-6 % market share increase over the next 3 years* 20% profit marginCustomer Pers pectiveStrategic Objectives* Focus on public interest* Quality food should be delivered* Community support* Improving brand name in marketPerformance Measures* peeled Menu Items should be offered* Awareness of brand in publicTargets* blow% customer satisfaction* 15% increase in customers for the next 3 yearsInitiatives* Restaurant should expand to other cities* Benefits & rewards programLearning & Growth PerspectiveStrategic Objectives* Employees retention increased* Technology should be improved* Employee satisfactionPerformance Measures* Customer satisfaction should improve* Employee turnover rate decreased* Surveys, monitoring and trainingTargets* 100% enfolding of all employeesInitiatives* Staff training* Improved customer service* Analysis of StaffingReferencesPearce, J. A. II, & Robinson, R. B. (2009). Strategic management Formulation, implementation, and control (11th ed.). New York, NY McGraw-Hill www.restaurant.orghttp//www.balancedscorecard.org/BSCResources/Abo uttheBalancedScorecard/tabid/55/Default.aspx