The Hunters: Moonsong Chapter Twelve

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Business Environment Hnd

merchandising is a process wontd to satisfy and consider what crossroads or operate ar needed by the consumers. There atomic number 18 many option definitions of trade such as the charted institution of marting merchandise is the focus process responsible for identifying, anticipating and substantive node requirements profitably. The Ameri female genitalia merchandise Association believe that Marketing is the process of jutning and executing the conception, set, promotion, and diffusion of ideas, goods, and services to create transfigures that satisfy individual and organization goals.Philip Kotlerinterprets that merchandising is satisfying needs and wants through an exchange process the common interest in on the whole three definitions is fulfilling customer needs and providing clears The sm in every worry attempt that I feed chosen to discuss is called Hair instantly this is a professional tomentum cerebri salon that is situated in the heart of Kentish t own for over 30 years. Hair today has a total of 20 employees, including hairstylists, hair washers and administration staff, including a cashier.The salon offers many services such as styling hair, men haircuts, colouring, perming. The marketplaceing process consists of four elements Situation Analysis, Marketing Strategy, Marketing Mix Decisions and Implementation look into. Situation summary is when through an analysis the smart set finds the customer needs but in order to do this the company must recognise its own potential and the environment in which it is managing.Situation analysis should look at all the factors of the company such as the past where the company is now and where it should be in future. This analysis provides problems on that point are fra utterorks which help the situation analysis such as organise and PEST analysis. SWOT analysis refers to the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and menaces facing a business The market strategy is to ensure the tar get market is being pursued. The strategy consists of cleavage, targeting and lay the growth within the target market.Marketing Mix Decisions at this stage detail decisions are being made such as the development of the proper(postnominal) product, designing and producing the first pieces of the product and also pricing decisions Implementation and Control is the final stage of the merchandise process the results of the marketing progress should be monitored when the market changes the market mix skunk also change to fit to the consumer needs as time goes on a juvenile product can even be produced although this is the last tage of the marketing process changes give always occur to satisfy different consumer needs Companies continue to outlive by achieving their languish-term goals. Market orientation helps to achieve the business goals and objectives a business which adopts market orientation thinks that its most important imaginativeness are its customers. The benefits o f adopting market orientation for Hair Today is that through market research the hair salon testament have a inviolate ground of the needs of the customer.Customer feedback is vital to the company companies tend to be in like manner involved with the product that they forget about the general customer felicity for example hair salons have a wide word form of market reach and also a great deal of competition. The costs of adopting marketing orientation for Hair Today would be the high costs for the market research this the constant internal change as needs of the customers are met. Macro environment are the outside uncontrollable factors that may bushel a managers decisions this can have an effect on the company the PESTEL personate framework is used.Political factors such as government policies and the economy also sweet laws on small businesses Political factors can have a abundant effect on many areas for business like education and the prime(a) of health care. The hair practiceing perseverance is having difficulties recruiting although some government funding constitution has helped it has a vacancy rate of 20% also the government increase the taxes for businesses this has had a huge effect. Economic factors influences marketing research such as interest rates also the changes in the economic growth and exchange rates.All businesses go through an economical ups and downs in an economic boom all businesses resulting benefit although if can go down and businesses can hurt out. Currently hair treatment products are not considered a need more than of a luxury so this market is dependent on how strong the economy is. Cheap credit and interest rates benefited the hair industry in the past. Social factor refers to behaviour patterns and lifestyles. Changes in consumer behaviour can also have an effect on changes in bearing . Currently we have an ageing population. Social change gives companies a understanding for the future market situation. Ha ir Today bequeath have to conceal up with the latest fashion and styles which may vary between ages. . technological changes are the amount of new technology that is increasing electronic communications has made it easier to distribute information. Hair salons must sustentation up with the new trends and technology as this helps develop the company and make them more palmy Employees will research the newest technologies in the market do some experiments use models try new haircuts if the experiments turn out to be a traceer it will apply to salon.Micro environment are factors which are internal this affects the business performance such as customers, competition, suppliers, human beings, employees and stakeholders. If a company decided to break away to a public ownership they list their business in the stockpile market so the public can invest in the company although share holder relationships must be professionally managed to succeed long term goals. Identifying the stake holders Potential stakeholders at Hair Today Your chief Shareholders Government Senior executives Alliance partners Trades associations Your co-workers Suppliers The press Your team Lenders Interest groups Customers Analysts The public Prospective customers Future recruits The community Your family Some stake holders are more interested and involved than others to narrow down the tribe a antecedent/interest grid is used. The grid shows that the people that have the high indicant and are more interested in my company these are the people who I will engage with and make great efforts to satisfy.Corporate culture determines how the employees and high management interact these transactions occur over time. Hair Today has an employee friendly corporate culture it is shown by the companys dress code, flexible working shifts , employee benefits such as employee discounts the treatment of the invitees and overall client satisfaction. Porters five forces was first introduced by Michael E. Porter of Harvard blood line School in 1979 the five forces are a framework to help businesses determine the contest intensity and industry profitability of a market.The five forces consists of threat of mew entrants to a market, the power of buyer, the power of the suppliers, the threat of substitute products and the competitive competition between al glance overy existing companies as shown in the diagram below. partition is the process where larger markets are broken down to smaller divisions this will make it easier to understands the wants and needs of the customers the overall outcome would be creating a marketing mix that is suited or the customers in the target segment. The four principal(prenominal) factors of segmentation are behavioural, demographic, psychographic and geographical.Geographical segmentation is segmented by country, city or neighbourhood. Age, family size, income, occupation, education, ethnicity and religion can all be segme nted demographically. Lifestyle, interests refers psychographic segmentation. Behaviour segmentation refers to customers buying behaviour, product mix also frequency of purchase the outdo form of segmentation is using all four factors as they all are very helpful. Hair salons have a wide variety of customers to attract on that pointfore segmentation is very vital for this business to succeed in the future.The devil products or services that Hair today will provide a bridal service to attract pistillate customers where they will be pampered and receive a makeover the target market for this service is female aged 20-35 with a balanced income also the other product I will be proposing hair is extensions this will attract the teenage customers and women. The marketing strategy I have chosen for Hair Today is surd strategy focussing mainly on only one segment this can be positive for the salon because the business will have more knowledge on the particular segment.Females aged 13-19 there are many teenagers in this area which the salon is situated this is due to the schools in the area. Hair Today believe that the target segment will benefit from the service of hair extensions as this is a increase fashion although there can be a lot of competition which leads to Threat of main(prenominal) segment rivalry. New salons may decide to open up this refers to the threat of new entrance also there are many products already provided in the market that teenagers can use themselves so the salon is not needed this is known as threat of substitute product.The threat of growing bargaining power of buyers is very important because the higher the charges the more likely the customers are to move to a cheaper salon. Buyer behaviour is attitudes of the customers and how often they purchase. purchase behaviour involves the process in which a customer finds a product studies the product and makes an overall decision on whether the product meets the customers needs and wants. The main types of buyer behaviour are consumer and industry two types of buying behaviours are impulses purchases refers to when a purchase is made with no plan this purchase is associated with items of lower prices. Extensive decision making these are products which are higher priced such as TV and cars when customers research as practically as they can they may also ask family and friends for advice or read reviews this decision making takes up a lot of time because the customer is purchasing a product that is high priced Buyer behaviour stimulation response modelBuyer behaviour is essential because it makes you understand what your customer. Market research and producing surveys will help you find the customers needs and requirements. Social media sites are the most universal process in business marketing this allows customers to interact online and new products can get instant feedback. Many businesses introduce discounts to maintain loyal and ordered customers. Companies det ermine how much customers spend the products which are being sold and judicial decision on how often customers are spending helps introduce a pricing policy for Hair Today.Hair extensions portray varied opinions some customers keep up with new trends and may want a different look so far other members of thecommunity might find it doesnt fit their customer needs. Hair today will start this positioning process by advertising on the internet and offering hair treatment for all types of hair also free samples of exclusive hair products. The hair industry are forever striving to keep up their image and keep their product current a change in positioning can attract new target market. References Assael, H. , Reed, P. nd Patton, M. (1995) Marketing Principles and Strategy Harcourt-Brace, Sydney Business study guide edexcel marketing principles pp. 479-659 Habia (standard information solutions) Skills Foresight for the Hair and peach Sector 2007 http//www. habia. org/uploads/Skills_Foresi ght_2007_v. 4_-_2. 07. 07_Final. pd Lamb, W. , Hair, J. , McDaniel, C. (1998), Marketing, (4th), South-Western College Publishing, Cincinatti. Kotler, P. , Armstrong, G. , Brown, L. , Chandler, S. A. (1998), Marketing, (4th), Prentice Hall, Sydney www. businessdictionary. com

Involvement of USA in Korean War Essay

Different from its involvement in the Vietnam War?In the 40s onwards the States got fire in Asian affairs. Taking into account the fact that they were non place upright themselves or any other American ally, they had to further extend territorial reserve boundaries to fall on political-ideological frontiers. Indeed, they were defending its district from enemies in a sweet scale the fear over against the developing socialism over the world. In these take outs, Korea and Vietnam portrayed two world(prenominal) hotspots now focused on Asia, as the arrange at heart the fight of the two global powers USA and the Soviet pith. Anyways, were the mess by which USA faced collectivism in both countries different?First of all, the background in randomness-East Asia determined in huge scale American intervention in the area, since either country were assiduous by other foreign powers while Korea was under Japanese domination, Vietnam pacify remained component part of the Fre nch empire (later becoming member of the French Union).The outset case of Korea was already been the stage of the war between democracy and communism. USA was quite anxious since the conflict that had already happened in Germany and the one that was red on in Turkey and Greece, both cases falling under Soviet beliefs. afterward the defeat of the Chinese Kuomintang in 1949, by communist Mao, American drawing cards began fearing that the rapid spread of the remains around the world would be successful one much time in Asia. Thus, USA mulish to risk and try obtaining unseasoned territory that would give them an ally in East Asia, which, in turning, would give it time to plan more attempts and new supremacy against communism. Thus, they fought against the Japanese ascertainment as an excuse to free the territory in the name of democracy. However, the Soviet Union was similarly real kindle in the area for the same reasons a new ally and victory against capitalism.Anyways, th e whole territory was firstly freed under the name of United Nations, towards democracy, for support free peoples who are resenting attempt subjugation. However both powers cl conducted their part very soon. Both powers set up a divisor line along the 38th parallel, where the North would be under Soviet aim and the South by American intervention. Then, although elections were held in South Korea (August 1938) supported by UN, Russia rejected to do so in the North. The South became the independent nation of Korea and the North adopted the name of Democratic Peoples nation of Korea, very very much in the lines of Chinese system.The tension now remained very high at either sides of the line. Since the president of North Korea by the time, blood-related IL Sung might have been encouraged by the Chinese regimen and Russia with military supplies to test USA President, Trumans determination, showing him that communism was the dominant power in Pacific Asia, also with the promise of spr eadhead further very soon.At that stage, the domino theory was beginning in American minds. This concept applies to the idea that the fall of one bow to a common system would lead inexorably to a series of the same. Therefore, if communism triumphed in mainland China and Korea was already under its influence, the wave could have an illimitable repercussion in the entire area of South-East Asia. Thus, behind these ideas, American military personnel were ordered to Korea to withdraw North Koreans host after their invasion in the south republic, together with forces from a nonher 14 countries all under the command of General McArthur.However, afterwards, South Korea was to the highest degree interpreted by North Korea array but American army regained look into in the territory later and also two thirds of North Korea, in its advance northwards. With this movement, they eventually placed a fleet between mainland China and China mainland. Thus, China now feared them to help Chian g Kai-Shek troops from the island to come again and conquer the region of Manchuria as the most important industrial and strategical area. This attempt, if successful, would cut off the problem of communism in Asia, since China would turn back to democracy and therefore either North Korea would remain insulate or without Chinese help, she would non be able to survive in the area for long.These reasons made the Chinese government launch a bulky counter offensive in 1951 that captured South Korea capital again. Now McArthur was dismayed of Chinese power and popular opinion that the best strategy to defeat communism in the area was notwithstanding possible with atomic bombs. With this new visible horizon within the fight, president Truman feared a large-scale war that would provoke a nuclear war, which USA did not pauperism. It pointed out the American limitations that would enclose them within the fight they feared communism because the nuclear power that could destroy them, but the just force capable to defeat it was their nuclear power, something that, however, they could not use since it would incline them into a fatal war.Thus, now, the only American possibility focused to settle in East Asia to contain communism there in January 1951 UN troops expelled the North Koreans troops from South Korea and fortified the frontier, until in July 1953, both countries firmed a peace agreement that stated the limit at the 38th parallel.After American impossibility for annexation of territories in East Asia, the new feeling had to be focused in the South, due to the independence of Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia from the French Union (Geneva Agreement, 1954). Then, Vietnam was temporarily divided into two countries, and analogously as Korea, the frontier was accomplished at another parallel, in this case the 17th one. In 1956, elections were to be held in the whole country, but they never were and only in South Vietnam a referendum was held in 1955, which gave Ng o Dinh Diem as the president. He did not want to hold elections for the whole country and USA, with Eisenhower as the new president feared much more intensely the domino effect. Moreover, Diem was unable to rule the country, in full general because he was very unpopular among the peasants, which furthover, in the future encouraged defiant towards American presence in the south and appetence for communism.At this stage the Vietcong (the guerrillas) in the south were receiving supplies, equipment and troops from North Vietnam. Ho Chi Minh, who was leader of the resistance against French Union and who wanted communism to rule the country, thought that giving aid to South Vietnam against Diem, national elections would not be held and to coalesce the countries forces would be necessary. Thus, the next American presidencies had to launch a very concentrated campaign to stop the communism wave in Vietnam-Kennedy (1961-3) tried to go for American involvement against the guerrilla, by sending advisors, military equipment and enclosing local anaesthetic peasants into fortified villages to isolate the Vietcong outside. However, this failed since most of the peasants were members of the Vietcong.-Johnson (1963-9) decided to bomb North Vietnam (1965), as he thought that Ho Chi Minh controlled directly the Vietcong. He also sent half million troops in the south.However, due to the dandy pressure of American public against the war, since they saw the conflict as a total failure, Johnson stopped the bombing in March 1968, although he did not want to withdraw.-Nixon (1969-74) based his plan in the new concept of Vietnamization As public opinion did not allow him to send more troops to Vietnam, he would use the ones that were already there to re-army the Vietnamese army watch their own defence. That would allow gradually American troops to withdraw. However, he began a new wave of bombing in the north, but this time including Cambodia and Laos, as they were receiving s upplies and troops from North Vietnam.Despite all the measures and policies, at the end of 1972, the Vietcong controlled almost the entire territory and several factors obligated the American intervention to affect the end. Eventually a ceasefire was agreed in January 1973. Then, American troops were recede and in 1975 the Vietcong unified the whole country under a communism government by occupying Saigon, the capital of South Vietnam. Also in Laos and Cambodia the system was effected the same year.Taking all these explanations into account, I can state that there were slight differences between the American policies in both the Korean and the Vietnamese wars. The main reason was the potential force used in each one, and China played an important part. It applies to the fact that the attack against them was not as ruthless as in Vietnam, mainly due to Chinese power. While in Vietnam neither China nor Russia supported the army as directly as in Vietnam, in Korea China was directly problematic since the problem was slighted related with the relationship between USA and Chiang Kai-Shek troops. For China, American troops recovered Manchuria, they would give back China mainland to them.Communist China was not willing to accept that, and USA knew that she was capable of fighting bravely to an effect that USA did not want to test, since the split of the Sino-Soviet agreement left China in an uncertain situation from the international point of view We do not want the fighting in Korea to expand into a general war. Therefore, American government did not risk indeed and the only price was to lose North Korea.Nevertheless, in Vietnam they could use a more violent system as they communist China was already established and did not fear USA any more. Moreover, the conflict was seen under UN look solely for the purpose of restoring the Republic to its status prior to the invasion. For international support, it was a fight towards the human rights, since North Korea un der communism did not want to hold elections. However, UN never supported the war in Vietnam and the international view of the war and American methods to be victorious pressed the government to reach the end of the conflict.Therefore, differences between the both wars was mainly due to familiar factors of each country, but especially the foreign intervention that encouraged or restrained American actions to act in one way or another.

Confucianism and Contemporary Issues

Confucianism and Contemporary IssuesThis essay will illustrate the history of Confucianism and the stage setting of Master Kong (Confucius) in the early branchs of the religion. The purpose of the paper is to discuss the normal characteristic of Confucianism with other east religions, the contemporary issues it faces, and the interaction amongst the red-brick orb and Confucianism. Also the paper list the nine most plebeian text of literature used by the religion and it includes the role of women and the tail fin bonds too known as the five slap-up relationships. chronicleConfucius was innate(p) August27, 551 BC in a small state called Lu. His birth name is Kong Qui or Kung Fu-tzu. The modern name of Confucius is an early Western r terminateering of the acutes Chinese honorific name Kung-fu-tsu (Confucius, 2013) It is noted that Confucius was born in answer to his p arnts prayers. Confucius surname Kong means an utterance of thankfulness when prayers leave been answered. H e stemmed from the Chang dynasty 500 years before the birth of Christ. fit in to the text, the exact details of his childhood vary. around say that he grew up in a wealthy household. Other reports say that he stemmed from a poverty stricken background. Scholars do agree that Confucius existed during a date of crisis in China.The crisis stemmed from the challenge to the ruler posed by the trine Huan families. By heredity they had the right to oc transfusey the ministerial offices of the Lu government. It is put down that he entertained himself during his y let onh by arranging rituals and staging ceremonies. This upheaval in society had an effect on Confucius. He thought that if the sentiment of society would change it would change the counseling things were done. The notion of society must(prenominal) change. Individuals must strive to be noble as possible. (Confucius, 2013) During his early magnanimous life, Confucius took on odd jobs to support him-self and assumedly hi s family. He was most often fired with precise little bullion. He was said to be a very humble and sympathetic man that had a passion for government. He believed in sharing his knowledge with the world.What was most important to Confucius was not holding an prescribed governmentalposition merely upholding his moral beliefs. Confucius held ii moral honours. Per the text, his two main ideals were to produce excellent individuals that would be great social leaders. And secondly, he wanted to create a harmonious society. (Molly, 2010) His concern for others is demonstrated through his regard for the linguistic rules communicated in the belief of do unto others as you would have them do unto you. That principle is more familiarly known as the Golden Rule. Confucius as well believed that everyone had a social responsibility these social responsibilities were communicated into the five great relationships. Duties were identify by what social classification you were included in. With all five of the great relationships there is a high level of respect that is shown. Each political party is held in the uniform regard as the other.He established a civilize with the intent to produce and develop supreme individuals. He wanted to check his students to mentally and morally expand their social views and to practice self-discipline. Confucius teachings to his disciples were recorded in the book of Analects. His teachings were informal and primarily de lovered in lectures. His teachings were not religious. The focus of his teachings turn around the Six Arts archery, calligraphy, music, computation, chariot driving and ritual. (Confucius, 2013)According to an article pen by Valerie Sartor, she notes He (Confucius) must have been a highly ingratiatory speaker, and a magnetic per passwordality, for he convinced many men to deform his disciples. (Sarator, V., 2009) He is said to have had 3,000 students and 72 disciples, with whom he traveled with passim China. (China Today, 2005) Confuciuss principles and virtues still have a heavy influence on Chinese religion. At the time, his teachings provided guidelines for the Chinese educational system. Common characteristics the Confucianism religionConfucius put aside unselfishness to gentlemans gentlemanity and kind-heartedness and teaches raft to do unto others what you would like for yourself, (19962013 A+E Television Networks, LLC). His social philosophy was based primarily on the principle of Ren, loving others (Moloy 2010). The people believed in him and his teachings. Confucius, said when people are amend the distinction between classes of people will disappear and this will work push through harmony amongst people. Religions, such(prenominal) as Buddhism has a lot in common withConfucianism, both(prenominal) believed in spiritual development, having good morals and harmony amongst ourselves.Confucianism and Buddhism also believed that people should act with good manners, and have good etiquette. In directlys world, Chinese strongly push themselves in education, learning unlike languages, mathematics and arts. Confucius saw no difference between people with money and the ones without money. He believed that anyone after part be superior and he teaches his student to be noble and with good character and with education you potful achieve a lot and anything. Education will also make a best(p) way of life. Confucianism also value potents over females there for males have command over the women.The comparison between Confucianism and Hinduism teachings is that they are both similar, both religions speculate and having good ethics. Confucianism and Buddhism are also similar. They both do meditation and they both believe in end of ugly and the love for each other.Interactions between the modern world and ConfucianismIn todays society it is easy to match that religion in the modern world would face multiple challenges and changes. Some of the advances toda y scientifically such as DNA genetics, reproducing of children, and major harmonium transplant surgery are all questions that men and women in the earlier times didnt have to worry about. They are many eastern cities that are the home base for certain religions. At one aim these religions were thought of as foreign. We now live in a world where every place to visit and Remote Island in the world is may be featured on the travel channel. Television exposes all humankind in the world the different cultures and diversity as well as the different religions.Every day this world we live in is constantly evolving. It makes you mobilize of where this world would be in the future. The writer started to question in what slipway would religion change. From the beginning when religion was first introduced just foreshorten a moment to think about how much it has changed. at that place is no way possible to predict that far into the future, but we can make an ameliorate guess based on th e things that are transpiring today in religion. There are many different influences that make up religions and how they wrap up to evolve throughout the years. It was not long ago, the legal age of most human beings in the world lived as farmers, and in small villages, and monarchs ruled the majority of thecountries.As time passed we slowly begin to see less(prenominal) kings and queens and in some counties they just disappeared. Some governments were formed and a lot of people traded in rural life for a big city lifestyle. There was a period of time where people traveled sometimes out of the country in raise to taste different food or experience firsthand the way of living for another culture. Now you can purchase a Whopper at a burger king located in Switzerland or have the pleasure of drinking a cup of Starbucks coffee in Hong Kong. With all these changes and our world as we know it today is steadily evolving it makes you take a moment to think about how the pagan unificati ons will change religion.In the past many religions preached the value of being less fortunate and living a simple but comfortable lifestyle. Things that were taught held value because it was a reflection of the lifestyle of the majority of people. Today in religion we see exhortation from the poor to get ahead and how money can be the center of the religion. In the new world contact is evermore attainable. There are many different items that we have that can be used to educate men and women on Confucianism and some of the religion interactions. Its common to utilize television, radio, books, magazines and most important internet to close in the gap that once kept every culture and religion separate. more frequently are we seeing where religions adopt different beliefs and religious shipway from other religions. Contemporary Issues in ConfucianismThe beliefs of Confucianism are written in the numinous Narratives as Confucian thinking, believed that learning from the past is fund amental (Beversluis, 1995). Confucius did not run through the possibility of a reality beyond the human world. However he believed that a human did not have the capacity to understand such a world. He believed that human morals should be based on human relationships, without reference to some higher order (Beversluis, 1995). Most Confucian scholars believed that the human being existence is based upon reaching ones highest potential in life. And that by achieving the ultimate goal of a perfect person is a lifelong process of self-cultivation (Beversluis, 1995).We also see that the belief in suffering and evil by some Confucian scholars are fateful in human life. These two problems can promote learning and growth. A mistake does not label one as a sinner, but one should take it as opportunity to learn and growfrom the mistake. purge though some humans are incapable of feeling empathy, the suffering of others for most should provide motivation for moral growth (Beversluis, 1995). C onfucius believed that human beings should live and conduct their lives with good moral statures so that they can exist in harmony with others, rather than hoping to be rewarded or punished in the afterlife (Beversluis, 1995). Womans role in ConfucianismNow let us take a look at the role of women in Confucianism. A chars role in this religion is that of subservientness and obedience. Scholar Xiao Ma has said Women always have been fighting for a way out of the Confucian shadows. According to Women And Confucianism (1996-2012)the Confucian structure of society, women at every level were to occupy a position lower than men. Most Confucians accepted the subservience of women to men as natural and proper order of life. At the same time they accorded womens honor and power as mother and mother-in-law within their family end quote.Some Neo-Confucian saying as it regards to women are, Womans greatest duty is to produce a son, Disorder is not sent down by Heaven, it is produced by women, Women are to be led and to follow others and a favorite by male Confucians is, A woman should look on her preserve as if he were Heaven itself, and never weary of thinking how she may yield to him (Women And Confucianism, 1996-2012). tabu textsSacred texts associated with Confucianism are The vanadium Classics. These are the Book of Songs (Sh Jng), The Classic of History (Sh Jng), The Classic of Rites (L J), The Book of Changes (I Ching), and The Spring and Autumn record (Chn Qi). The Four Books, which are The Analects of Confucius (Ln Y), The Mencius (Mng Z), The Great Learning (D Xu) and The Doctrine of the Golden cerebrate (Zhng Yng). The Thirteen Classics and the Three Commentaries (Hare, 2010).The Five Great RelationshipsThe Five Great Relationships were implemented by Confucius so that everyone would know the role they vie in society and conduct themselves accordingly. These five bonds are those of ruler and put in compassion in rulers, loyalty in ministers and subject s father and son kindness in thefather, filial piety in a son husband and married woman righteous behavior in the husband, obedience in the wife elder brother and younger brother gentility in the oldest son, lowliness and respect in the younger siblings and friend and friend humane consideration in elders, deference in juniors.Confucianism today, is mainly practiced in China, Korea, japan and Vietnam. There are over six million devotees who practice Confucianism. In the past Confucianism was the state philosophy in China, but this has drastically decrease in todays world due to communism in China (Beversluis, 1995). However as recently as 2011 we saw prexy Hu Jintao introducing the idea of a Harmonious Socialist Society in order to officially revive this fading religion in China. There has been some(prenominal) network of cultural Confucius institutes set up globally by the Chinese government, as well as erecting a statue of Confucius in Tiananmen Square.ConclusionMaster Kong ( Confucius) was a man of great moral standings and character. Even if many in the beginning of the religion disliked him, he has been immortalized by the Chinese Government because of the millions of followers he has to this day.

Online vs. Traditional Education Essay

Have you ever had the opportunity to fall online categorizees? Have you veritable(a) heard of online classes? If you establishnt, you be missing out on a great opportunity. Online command is rapidly becoming a popular alternate(a) to tralatitious education. It is offering more flexibility for students and providing individuals with better opportunities for postsecondary education. Even though traditional education has been the only body-build of education for hundreds of years, online education offers a new and improved style of learning.When people think of education, they think of a groomroom filled with desks, paper, books, and other(a) students. After only, this is how humans have been taught for generations. This is an exemplification of traditional education. Traditional education is when students attend a school and ar taught in a formal classroom setting. There is an instructor that teaches the class by giving demonstrations or by lecturing. It earmarks the st udents to have face-to-face fundamental interaction with the instructor or their fellow students. Traditional education has never been real flexible. There atomic number 18 scheduled times for class and working around that schedule tolerate prove to be difficult. Often times, life tear downts hindquarters conflict with the class schedule. This lav cause students to miss class and rejoin behind in their work.While traditional education is not truly flexible, online education is. Online education is the use of technology to share educational info and to teach students. It often only haves a computing device and an Internet connection. The classroom setting of an online education sens be anywhere. You can work from the allay of your own home or while you are at the library. As long as you have access to a computer with Internet, you can go to school. In many situations, you can in addition complete the school work on your own time. That way if manything comes up at the endure minute, you still have the ability to complete your school work without losing points. It also allows students to pass to work at their job while taking classes. This is a very nice convenience to have, especially for individuals who have a family or have a job to work around.Online education can also be much cheaper than traditional education. It is not uncommon for tuition at online schools to be disdain than that of a traditional school, although this is certainly not unbent of all online programs. In addition, costs associated with things like commuting, classroom supplies, and housing are not relevant in an online learning environment. Some programs may not require students to purchase textbooks or provide the material online. Usually, students can download all of their materials needed for class, such as assignments or textbooks, straight from their online classroom. The lower costs of an online education are a key factor for its advance popularity.Another large factor to consider when choosing a form of education is the availability of resources. Most traditional schools have a vast tot of resources. They often have at least one library, science labs, computer labs, and other resources that make the learning experience easier. The only problem is that some of these resources have limited access. They are only open during certain hours and may even be closed some days. This reduces a students flexibility and may affect their ability to complete work on time.Online education, on the other hand, offers resources that are available 24/7. The resources are all online, so there is no need to have a completion time or open hours. They are at the students fingertips and only require the click of a button. They may even offer more resources than you would befall at a traditional school. Resources such as a complimentary plagiarism checker or a grammar review are commonly not available to students in a traditional classroom setting. These resou rces can give online students the upper hand in education and will allow them to perform at a higher level.The biggest difference between traditional and online education is the method of communication. In traditional education, everything is face-to-face. The students interact with the teacher at a time and the discussion occurs only in the classroom. This face-to-face interaction allows the students to build kindly skills and form relationships with other classmates. The only gloam there is with this method is that at a time the class is over, it can be difficult to contact the instructor if a question or problem would arise.In online education, communication is much different. Students can be thousands of miles apart and live in different time zones. wherefore there cannot be any face-to-face interaction. Instead, online education relies on ostentation messaging through a forum. It is very similar to a natter room. This is where the majority of the communication takes plac e. Students can communicate with the instructor and with each other by posting messages and waiting for a reply. This makes it very easy to recrudesce a hold of other people, no matter the time of day. The downfall with this method is that sometimes it can take a while to begin with you receive a reply. However, online courses require a certain amount of intricacy so the question will be addressed before as well as long.Many people question the amount of work that online students do. Some even say that online colleges should not be as credible as traditional universities. Nothing could be farther from the truth. Online education shares many of the analogous requirements judge by traditional schools. Online students write research papers, have to create projects, and take finals just like any other student. In fact, many online schools have traditional campuses and have the same requirements for both campus and online students. It does not matter which form of education an indi vidual chooses. They will be required to do the same amount of work in order to attain their degree.For years I aspect traditional education was the only way to go. I was a firm believer in the traditional ways and never thought that you could get the same education by sitting on a computer. Now that I have experience in both forms of education, I can see why so many people are switching to online programs. The flexibility of online classes and the vast amount of resources make it more drug user friendly than ever before. The popularity of online education is on the rise and will continue to increase as more people switch from the traditional ways.

According to research done by Warr

A lot of research has been conducted and hypothesis sourulated to determine whether delinquent couple experiences precede delinquency or vice versa. Another concern is how age influences delinquency and the interactivity or linkage among age, colleague connection, and delinquency. Consequently, the aim of this paper is to tote up to fore, the various researches, theories and hypothesis that invariably throw more light on this issue.According to research done by Warr (1993), delinquency escalates rapidly as individuals preface their teen years and then declines almost as rapidly as they enter their late teens and early twenties. A possible explanation for this in my opinion is that issuesters in their early teens tend to be more adventuresome and experimental.They are also easily influenced to try out new habits-good or bad- since often times, they are not experienced enough to know or care about the consequences of their actions. However, as they grow older and of course sp ecify by experience, they inadvertently develop a more matured and equilibrize approach to the everyday choices they make.On some other note, the fact that a peer gathering that you belong to engages in unlawful activities helps to validate its relevance and the feeling that it probably is the cool thing to do. Also, because humans are creatures of habit, once they start a habit, say alcoholism, it doesnt take long in the lead they become addicted.From another perspective, a criminal activity, say illegal drug use, plenty form part of general criteria for joining some particular peer groups. This can in no small way influence youths to indulge in these activities just to win the groups approval or endorsement.A tog up of contention among researchers is which comes first between delinquency and delinquent peer association? Research by Gottfredson and Hirschi (1987), support the notion that delinquency actually comes before delinquent peer association. Similar researches perfor med by Thornberry (1994), Elliot and Menard (1996) however, offer opposing views.It is historic to examine the role that age actually plays in delinquent acts. shot by Elliot and Menard (1996), show that both delinquency and delinquent peer association increase with age.A more insightful theory is the interactional theory by Thornberry (1987) that suggests that the influence of delinquent peer associations should increase during mid-adolescence and then decline piecemeal based on the reasoning that the hold that peer groups have on an individual is more pronounced during early stages of adolescence and less so as they grow older and commit to traditional activities like school, family, church, work etc.Still on the effects that age and delinquent peer association have on delinquency, the constant supervisory roles that teachers/guardians play in schools can douse the detrimental influences that delinquent peer associations can have on a young individual.However, as they advance in age and schooling, and move on to institutions of high learning, the teachers or guardians tend to treat individuals as adults capable of making their make decisions. In other words, the supervisory roles that teachers play in the life of students garnish drastically as they advance in age and schooling. This also represents the theories denotative by Jang (1999675).The interactional theory developed by Thornberry (1987) has been put to sort but not without some loopholes. For instance, though the theory suggests that delinquent peer associations vary with age, it doesnt specifically address the measure or sept of offending. Also, a general inference tends to be made based on just one category of offending (e.g. drug offending).

Value of Codeswitching in an Interaction

MZUZU UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGES AND LITERATURE TO MR NTHALA FROM ELEANOR MACHESO (BAE/2A/53/09) caterpillar track CODE EEN 4703 COURSE TITLE LANGUAGE CONTACT AND BILINGUALISM QUSTION EXPLAIN THE harbor OF CODE SWITCHING AMONG BILINGUALS IN TRANSACTION DUE DATE sixth MAY 2013 In linguistics, encipher surpassing is changing between ii or more than than languages, or language varieties, in the context of a single conversation. Multilinguals sometimes mapping elements of multiple languages in conversing with each other.Thus, code- break is the use of more than one linguistic variety in a idea consistent with the syntax and phonology of each variety. According to Weinreich (1953), in the forties and 1950s, many scholars considered code- exchange to be a sub-standard use of language. Since the 1980s, however, most scholars have recognise it is a normal, natural product of bilingual and multilingual language use. With this fruition in mind, Muy sken (2005), states that switching is not an isolated phenomenon nevertheless rather a central part of bilingual discourse.With regards to this view, this try will examine the time appreciate of code switching among bilinguals in transaction. There are a issue forth of different reasons why people code switch and thus code switching holds value for bilinguals. Firstly, during a transaction, code switching is of value because it lav be used by bilinguals to show identity with a group. For typeface, (Di Pietro,1977) reports that Italian immigrants would tell a joke in English and give the laggard line in Italian, not only because it is better said in Italian but in addition to stress the fact that they all fit to the akin minority group, with shared values and experiences.Very often, people code switch both consciously and unconsciously to act or talk more like those around them. Code switching therefore allows the establishment of resonance among bilinguals involved in a transaction. With this rapport established it becomes easy for bilinguals to enter in a transaction easily. Secondly, during a transaction, code switching is of vast semantic significance. Gumperz (1982), stresses that switching at a particular moment conveys semantically significant information. It is a communicative resource that builds on participants perception of two languages.Lexical choice conveys meaning during code switching. gal (1979) beef up this view by stating that listeners interpret codes witching as an indicator of the verbalizer systems attitude, or communicative feels and emotions as code switching is a tool for conveying leave linguistic and social information. By the same token, David (2003) describes a range of speech acts like reprimands, directives, requests, and warnings that are conveyed by utilise different intricate strategies to show the semantic significance in accredited specific situations.Another reason why code switching is of great value t o bilinguals is that, it can be used when there is the need of making a point, that is, to emphasize or highlight the significance of a given develop or base in the speech event. These reasons whitethorn bear pedagogic significance because in many cases it is the use of emphasis or the intent of assigning importance to a boy or a topic that directly correlates with the extent of a respondents knowledge most a given topic and his or her choice of language.For example Gal (1979) reports several instances in which code switching at the end of an personal line of credit not only helps to end the interaction but may also serve to emphasize a point. She has taken an example from English-German code switching and stressed that switching from English to German is a means of adding more force to the final statement. Lastly, code switching has the value of communicating the mood of a chatterer during a transaction. According to Malik (1994), usually when bilinguals are for example tire d or angry, code switching takes place with a bare-assed dimension.This means that, when the speaker is in the right state of mind, he or she can find the appropriate word or expression in the base language. Very often he or she knows exactly the word in both the languages that he or she is competent in but the base language may be more available at the point of time when the speaker has a disturbed mind. Such raft may create a hurdle in getting the appropriate word or phrase in the language in which the speaker may be more proficient if he or she is not mentally agitated.For example a bilingual competent in Tumbuka (base language) and Sena may use Tumbuka expressions more than Sena when he or she is angry. It can therefore be concluded that there are many values of code switching in particular social contexts. The ability of the interlocutors who are able to speak more than one language fluently plays an important role during their interaction. This essay has shown that the abili ty of bilinguals to use more than one language in a transaction is of certain value to the speakers BIBLIOGRAPHY David, M. K. (2003). The Pakistani Community in Machang, Kelantan Reasons for spoken language Shift.International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 161, pp47-53. Di Pietro, R. (1977). Codes witching as a Verbal Strategy Among Bilinguals. Washington, DC Hemisphere Gal, S. (1979). Language Shift Social Determinants of Linguistic Change in Bilingual Austria. New York Academic Gumperz, J. J. (1982). Conversational Code switching in Discourse Strategies. Cambridge, England Cambridge University Press. Malik, L. (1994). Sociolinguistics A Study of Code switching. New Delhi Anmol. Weinreich, U. (1953). Languages in Contact. The Hague mutton